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More than one-third of foreign students graduating from Australian universities, mainly Asians. have such poor English skills they should never have been admitted, research showed. A study by demographer Bob Birrell found that more than 50 percent of South Korean and Thai students did not have sufficient English to work professionally in Australia, along with more than 43 percent of Chinese graduates. Some 17 percent of students from Singapore and India, where English is more widely spoken, also failed to reach the required level. Overall, 34 percent of the graduating foreign students offered permanent residence visas in 2006 did not have competent English.

Birrell of Melbourne’s Monash University, said almost all the 12,000 graduates tested for the survey were from Asia because these students are the most likely to apply for permanent residency on completing their studies. However, he said that he believed the study to be representative of all foreign students, partly because Asia was a major source of fee-paying overseas students for Australian universities. ‘It does raise questions about university standards,’ Birrell told AFP. Tertiary institutions are reliant on international students because they provide 15 percent of funding, leading to suggestions that academic standards are sacrificed in favor of financial rewards.

Education Minister Julie Bishop described the survey as “an extraordinary attack by Professor Birrell on our universities.” ‘International students must meet international benchmarks in language in order to get a place in a university in Australia,’ she said. The study found all graduates tested had enough command of the language to cope in most situations. ‘But people who have reached this standard are still not capable of conducting a sophisticated discourse at the professional level,’ it said.

In his report, Birrell said there was a “mountain of anecdotal material” that many overseas students struggle to meet their course requirements and that universities cope by lowering the English demands of the courses. ‘There is widening recognition of the English problem,’ he said. ‘But universities were hesitant to make students take extra language courses because this would make them more expensive and therefore less attractive than rival institutions,’ he said. However, Professor Gerard Sutton, the president of the Australian Vice-Chancellors Committee, said most foreign students would be proficient in reading, writing and listening to English. ‘What I think has been highlighted is a deficiency in spoken language told AFP, adding that a deficiency in this area would not prevent them from completing a university course.
51. The respondents of the survey were ….

More than one-third of foreign students graduating from Australian universities, mainly Asians. have such poor English skills they should never have been admitted, research showed. A study by demographer Bob Birrell found that more than 50 percent of South Korean and Thai students did not have sufficient English to work professionally in Australia, along with more than 43 percent of Chinese graduates. Some 17 percent of students from Singapore and India, where English is more widely spoken, also failed to reach the required level. Overall, 34 percent of the graduating foreign students offered permanent residence visas in 2006 did not have competent English.

Birrell of Melbourne’s Monash University, said almost all the 12,000 graduates tested for the survey were from Asia because these students are the most likely to apply for permanent residency on completing their studies. However, he said that he believed the study to be representative of all foreign students, partly because Asia was a major source of fee-paying overseas students for Australian universities. ‘It does raise questions about university standards,’ Birrell told AFP. Tertiary institutions are reliant on international students because they provide 15 percent of funding, leading to suggestions that academic standards are sacrificed in favor of financial rewards.

Education Minister Julie Bishop described the survey as “an extraordinary attack by Professor Birrell on our universities.” ‘International students must meet international benchmarks in language in order to get a place in a university in Australia,’ she said. The study found all graduates tested had enough command of the language to cope in most situations. ‘But people who have reached this standard are still not capable of conducting a sophisticated discourse at the professional level,’ it said.

In his report, Birrell said there was a “mountain of anecdotal material” that many overseas students struggle to meet their course requirements and that universities cope by lowering the English demands of the courses. ‘There is widening recognition of the English problem,’ he said. ‘But universities were hesitant to make students take extra language courses because this would make them more expensive and therefore less attractive than rival institutions,’ he said. However, Professor Gerard Sutton, the president of the Australian Vice-Chancellors Committee, said most foreign students would be proficient in reading, writing and listening to English. ‘What I think has been highlighted is a deficiency in spoken language told AFP, adding that a deficiency in this area would not prevent them from completing a university course.
52. This passage is probably taken from ….

More than one-third of foreign students graduating from Australian universities, mainly Asians. have such poor English skills they should never have been admitted, research showed. A study by demographer Bob Birrell found that more than 50 percent of South Korean and Thai students did not have sufficient English to work professionally in Australia, along with more than 43 percent of Chinese graduates. Some 17 percent of students from Singapore and India, where English is more widely spoken, also failed to reach the required level. Overall, 34 percent of the graduating foreign students offered permanent residence visas in 2006 did not have competent English.

Birrell of Melbourne’s Monash University, said almost all the 12,000 graduates tested for the survey were from Asia because these students are the most likely to apply for permanent residency on completing their studies. However, he said that he believed the study to be representative of all foreign students, partly because Asia was a major source of fee-paying overseas students for Australian universities. ‘It does raise questions about university standards,’ Birrell told AFP. Tertiary institutions are reliant on international students because they provide 15 percent of funding, leading to suggestions that academic standards are sacrificed in favor of financial rewards.

Education Minister Julie Bishop described the survey as “an extraordinary attack by Professor Birrell on our universities.” ‘International students must meet international benchmarks in language in order to get a place in a university in Australia,’ she said. The study found all graduates tested had enough command of the language to cope in most situations. ‘But people who have reached this standard are still not capable of conducting a sophisticated discourse at the professional level,’ it said.

In his report, Birrell said there was a “mountain of anecdotal material” that many overseas students struggle to meet their course requirements and that universities cope by lowering the English demands of the courses. ‘There is widening recognition of the English problem,’ he said. ‘But universities were hesitant to make students take extra language courses because this would make them more expensive and therefore less attractive than rival institutions,’ he said. However, Professor Gerard Sutton, the president of the Australian Vice-Chancellors Committee, said most foreign students would be proficient in reading, writing and listening to English. ‘What I think has been highlighted is a deficiency in spoken language told AFP, adding that a deficiency in this area would not prevent them from completing a university course.
53. Which of the following statements is FALSE
about Asian students studying in Australian
universities?

More than one-third of foreign students graduating from Australian universities, mainly Asians. have such poor English skills they should never have been admitted, research showed. A study by demographer Bob Birrell found that more than 50 percent of South Korean and Thai students did not have sufficient English to work professionally in Australia, along with more than 43 percent of Chinese graduates. Some 17 percent of students from Singapore and India, where English is more widely spoken, also failed to reach the required level. Overall, 34 percent of the graduating foreign students offered permanent residence visas in 2006 did not have competent English.

Birrell of Melbourne’s Monash University, said almost all the 12,000 graduates tested for the survey were from Asia because these students are the most likely to apply for permanent residency on completing their studies. However, he said that he believed the study to be representative of all foreign students, partly because Asia was a major source of fee-paying overseas students for Australian universities. ‘It does raise questions about university standards,’ Birrell told AFP. Tertiary institutions are reliant on international students because they provide 15 percent of funding, leading to suggestions that academic standards are sacrificed in favor of financial rewards.

Education Minister Julie Bishop described the survey as “an extraordinary attack by Professor Birrell on our universities.” ‘International students must meet international benchmarks in language in order to get a place in a university in Australia,’ she said. The study found all graduates tested had enough command of the language to cope in most situations. ‘But people who have reached this standard are still not capable of conducting a sophisticated discourse at the professional level,’ it said.

In his report, Birrell said there was a “mountain of anecdotal material” that many overseas students struggle to meet their course requirements and that universities cope by lowering the English demands of the courses. ‘There is widening recognition of the English problem,’ he said. ‘But universities were hesitant to make students take extra language courses because this would make them more expensive and therefore less attractive than rival institutions,’ he said. However, Professor Gerard Sutton, the president of the Australian Vice-Chancellors Committee, said most foreign students would be proficient in reading, writing and listening to English. ‘What I think has been highlighted is a deficiency in spoken language told AFP, adding that a deficiency in this area would not prevent them from completing a university course.
54. From the text we can infer that Australian
universities ….

More than one-third of foreign students graduating from Australian universities, mainly Asians. have such poor English skills they should never have been admitted, research showed. A study by demographer Bob Birrell found that more than 50 percent of South Korean and Thai students did not have sufficient English to work professionally in Australia, along with more than 43 percent of Chinese graduates. Some 17 percent of students from Singapore and India, where English is more widely spoken, also failed to reach the required level. Overall, 34 percent of the graduating foreign students offered permanent residence visas in 2006 did not have competent English.

Birrell of Melbourne’s Monash University, said almost all the 12,000 graduates tested for the survey were from Asia because these students are the most likely to apply for permanent residency on completing their studies. However, he said that he believed the study to be representative of all foreign students, partly because Asia was a major source of fee-paying overseas students for Australian universities. ‘It does raise questions about university standards,’ Birrell told AFP. Tertiary institutions are reliant on international students because they provide 15 percent of funding, leading to suggestions that academic standards are sacrificed in favor of financial rewards.

Education Minister Julie Bishop described the survey as “an extraordinary attack by Professor Birrell on our universities.” ‘International students must meet international benchmarks in language in order to get a place in a university in Australia,’ she said. The study found all graduates tested had enough command of the language to cope in most situations. ‘But people who have reached this standard are still not capable of conducting a sophisticated discourse at the professional level,’ it said.

In his report, Birrell said there was a “mountain of anecdotal material” that many overseas students struggle to meet their course requirements and that universities cope by lowering the English demands of the courses. ‘There is widening recognition of the English problem,’ he said. ‘But universities were hesitant to make students take extra language courses because this would make them more expensive and therefore less attractive than rival institutions,’ he said. However, Professor Gerard Sutton, the president of the Australian Vice-Chancellors Committee, said most foreign students would be proficient in reading, writing and listening to English. ‘What I think has been highlighted is a deficiency in spoken language told AFP, adding that a deficiency in this area would not prevent them from completing a university course.
55. The minister of Education thinks that the
report is an attack on Australian universities
because it ….

Text III
(1) Vaccines are developed to fight diseases. (2) For example, when the disease bacteria are dead, or they have lost their danger, they can be used for good purposes. (3) Pasteur discovered that inactive ‘bacteria, if introduced back into the body by means of inoculation, car, have beneficial effects and speed up the development of our natural defences, the antibodies are of fighting and blocking an invading disease. (4) So the same bacteria that produce a disease can also produce in us the extra defences our both heads to fight against the disease. (5) Louis Pasteur was the great French chemist and biologist who saved a nine years old boy from Alsace in France.
58. The sentence which is irrelevant to the topic in the text above is sentence number ….

Text III
(1) Vaccines are developed to fight diseases. (2) For example, when the disease bacteria are dead, or they have lost their danger, they can be used for good purposes. (3) Pasteur discovered that inactive ‘bacteria, if introduced back into the body by means of inoculation, car, have beneficial effects and speed up the development of our natural defences, the antibodies are of fighting and blocking an invading disease. (4) So the same bacteria that produce a disease can also produce in us the extra defences our both heads to fight against the disease. (5) Louis Pasteur was the great French chemist and biologist who saved a nine years old boy from Alsace in France.
59. The main information of the text tells us
about ….

Text II
Some have to do with the environment. For example, coffee that is grown in the shade supports a wide variety of bird species. But few or no birds live among plants grown in full sun. For this reason, many people support the “shade” method of growing coffee. Other issues are related to labor. Although coffee consumers often lead very comfortable lives, in the coffee-producing communities of Latin America and Africa, life can be very difficult, with hard physical work, little income and few basic services. History shows us that violent conflict can occur when groups fight each other for control of important resources such as oil, gold, and water. Sadly, areas where coffee is grown are sometimes also places of political unrest and hardship.
56. With which of the following sentences should the paragraph begin?

Text IV
The potentials of solar energy are great. The total amount of solar energy reaching the earth each year is over 30,000 times as much as the total energy used by man. Even a very small satellite in orbit round the earth can be used ___(60) twice as much electricity as the largest ___(61) power station. For a long time men ___(62) to use solar energy because sunshine is not something which is constant and thus always available, especially in temperate and cold climates. The direction of the sun’s rays varies, too; however, during the past two hundred years significant ___(63) have been made in the use of solar energy ___(64) heat and more recently to produce electricity. During the nineteenth century ___(65) solar steam generators were built. These generators consisted of mirrors that could be moved and could thus concentrate large amounts of ___(66) from the sun on blackened pipes through which water was circulated. In this way the water was turned to steam. Even ice ___(67) by a similar method a hundred years ago in Paris.

60.

Text IV
The potentials of solar energy are great. The total amount of solar energy reaching the earth each year is over 30,000 times as much as the total energy used by man. Even a very small satellite in orbit round the earth can be used ___(60) twice as much electricity as the largest ___(61) power station. For a long time men ___(62) to use solar energy because sunshine is not something which is constant and thus always available, especially in temperate and cold climates. The direction of the sun’s rays varies, too; however, during the past two hundred years significant ___(63) have been made in the use of solar energy ___(64) heat and more recently to produce electricity. During the nineteenth century ___(65) solar steam generators were built. These generators consisted of mirrors that could be moved and could thus concentrate large amounts of ___(66) from the sun on blackened pipes through which water was circulated. In this way the water was turned to steam. Even ice ___(67) by a similar method a hundred years ago in Paris.

61.

Text IV
The potentials of solar energy are great. The total amount of solar energy reaching the earth each year is over 30,000 times as much as the total energy used by man. Even a very small satellite in orbit round the earth can be used ___(60) twice as much electricity as the largest ___(61) power station. For a long time men ___(62) to use solar energy because sunshine is not something which is constant and thus always available, especially in temperate and cold climates. The direction of the sun’s rays varies, too; however, during the past two hundred years significant ___(63) have been made in the use of solar energy ___(64) heat and more recently to produce electricity. During the nineteenth century ___(65) solar steam generators were built. These generators consisted of mirrors that could be moved and could thus concentrate large amounts of ___(66) from the sun on blackened pipes through which water was circulated. In this way the water was turned to steam. Even ice ___(67) by a similar method a hundred years ago in Paris.

62.

Text IV
The potentials of solar energy are great. The total amount of solar energy reaching the earth each year is over 30,000 times as much as the total energy used by man. Even a very small satellite in orbit round the earth can be used ___(60) twice as much electricity as the largest ___(61) power station. For a long time men ___(62) to use solar energy because sunshine is not something which is constant and thus always available, especially in temperate and cold climates. The direction of the sun’s rays varies, too; however, during the past two hundred years significant ___(63) have been made in the use of solar energy ___(64) heat and more recently to produce electricity. During the nineteenth century ___(65) solar steam generators were built. These generators consisted of mirrors that could be moved and could thus concentrate large amounts of ___(66) from the sun on blackened pipes through which water was circulated. In this way the water was turned to steam. Even ice ___(67) by a similar method a hundred years ago in Paris.

63.

Text IV
The potentials of solar energy are great. The total amount of solar energy reaching the earth each year is over 30,000 times as much as the total energy used by man. Even a very small satellite in orbit round the earth can be used ___(60) twice as much electricity as the largest ___(61) power station. For a long time men ___(62) to use solar energy because sunshine is not something which is constant and thus always available, especially in temperate and cold climates. The direction of the sun’s rays varies, too; however, during the past two hundred years significant ___(63) have been made in the use of solar energy ___(64) heat and more recently to produce electricity. During the nineteenth century ___(65) solar steam generators were built. These generators consisted of mirrors that could be moved and could thus concentrate large amounts of ___(66) from the sun on blackened pipes through which water was circulated. In this way the water was turned to steam. Even ice ___(67) by a similar method a hundred years ago in Paris.

64.

Text IV
The potentials of solar energy are great. The total amount of solar energy reaching the earth each year is over 30,000 times as much as the total energy used by man. Even a very small satellite in orbit round the earth can be used ___(60) twice as much electricity as the largest ___(61) power station. For a long time men ___(62) to use solar energy because sunshine is not something which is constant and thus always available, especially in temperate and cold climates. The direction of the sun’s rays varies, too; however, during the past two hundred years significant ___(63) have been made in the use of solar energy ___(64) heat and more recently to produce electricity. During the nineteenth century ___(65) solar steam generators were built. These generators consisted of mirrors that could be moved and could thus concentrate large amounts of ___(66) from the sun on blackened pipes through which water was circulated. In this way the water was turned to steam. Even ice ___(67) by a similar method a hundred years ago in Paris.

65.

Text IV
The potentials of solar energy are great. The total amount of solar energy reaching the earth each year is over 30,000 times as much as the total energy used by man. Even a very small satellite in orbit round the earth can be used ___(60) twice as much electricity as the largest ___(61) power station. For a long time men ___(62) to use solar energy because sunshine is not something which is constant and thus always available, especially in temperate and cold climates. The direction of the sun’s rays varies, too; however, during the past two hundred years significant ___(63) have been made in the use of solar energy ___(64) heat and more recently to produce electricity. During the nineteenth century ___(65) solar steam generators were built. These generators consisted of mirrors that could be moved and could thus concentrate large amounts of ___(66) from the sun on blackened pipes through which water was circulated. In this way the water was turned to steam. Even ice ___(67) by a similar method a hundred years ago in Paris.

66.

Text IV
The potentials of solar energy are great. The total amount of solar energy reaching the earth each year is over 30,000 times as much as the total energy used by man. Even a very small satellite in orbit round the earth can be used ___(60) twice as much electricity as the largest ___(61) power station. For a long time men ___(62) to use solar energy because sunshine is not something which is constant and thus always available, especially in temperate and cold climates. The direction of the sun’s rays varies, too; however, during the past two hundred years significant ___(63) have been made in the use of solar energy ___(64) heat and more recently to produce electricity. During the nineteenth century ___(65) solar steam generators were built. These generators consisted of mirrors that could be moved and could thus concentrate large amounts of ___(66) from the sun on blackened pipes through which water was circulated. In this way the water was turned to steam. Even ice ___(67) by a similar method a hundred years ago in Paris.

67.