Kategori: Uncategorized

Bacaan untuk soal nomor 21–24:

(1) Masa kejayaan peradaban Hindu di tanah Jawa selalu identik dengan mahakarya kebudayaan Hindu, yaitu Candi Prambanan. (2) Candi Prambanan pun sering dianggap orang awam sebagai satu-satunya saksi bisu sejarah kultural Hindu masa Mataram Kuno. (3) Padahal, kemegahan candi itu bukanlah bukti awal tumbuhnya budaya Hindu karena sudah ada sebuah candi yang telah berdiri sekitar satu abad sebelumnya. (4) Arsitektur bangunan cikal bakal Peradaban Mataram Hindu itu bernama Candi Gebang. (5) Situs bersejarah tersebut berlokasi di Dusun Gebang, Kelurahan Wedomartani, Kecamatan Ngemplak, Kabupaten Sleman, sekitar 11 kilo meter utara Kota Yogyakarta. (6) Candi yang dibangun pada masa Dinasti Sanjaya tersebut, juga memiliki dinding polos tanpa relief (hiasan ukir-ukiran).
(Sumber: kompas.id; 7 Maret 2019)

21. Pemakaian huruf kapital yang salah terdapat dalam kalimat ….

Bacaan untuk soal nomor 21–24:

(1) Masa kejayaan peradaban Hindu di tanah Jawa selalu identik dengan mahakarya kebudayaan Hindu, yaitu Candi Prambanan. (2) Candi Prambanan pun sering dianggap orang awam sebagai satu-satunya saksi bisu sejarah kultural Hindu masa Mataram Kuno. (3) Padahal, kemegahan candi itu bukanlah bukti awal tumbuhnya budaya Hindu karena sudah ada sebuah candi yang telah berdiri sekitar satu abad sebelumnya. (4) Arsitektur bangunan cikal bakal Peradaban Mataram Hindu itu bernama Candi Gebang. (5) Situs bersejarah tersebut berlokasi di Dusun Gebang, Kelurahan Wedomartani, Kecamatan Ngemplak, Kabupaten Sleman, sekitar 11 kilo meter utara Kota Yogyakarta. (6) Candi yang dibangun pada masa Dinasti Sanjaya tersebut, juga memiliki dinding polos tanpa relief (hiasan ukir-ukiran).
(Sumber: kompas.id; 7 Maret 2019)

22. Dalam bacaan di atas terdapat penulisan kata yang tidak sesuai dengan pedoman ejaan bahasa Indonesia, yaitu ….

Bacaan untuk soal nomor 21–24:

(1) Masa kejayaan peradaban Hindu di tanah Jawa selalu identik dengan mahakarya kebudayaan Hindu, yaitu Candi Prambanan. (2) Candi Prambanan pun sering dianggap orang awam sebagai satu-satunya saksi bisu sejarah kultural Hindu masa Mataram Kuno. (3) Padahal, kemegahan candi itu bukanlah bukti awal tumbuhnya budaya Hindu karena sudah ada sebuah candi yang telah berdiri sekitar satu abad sebelumnya. (4) Arsitektur bangunan cikal bakal Peradaban Mataram Hindu itu bernama Candi Gebang. (5) Situs bersejarah tersebut berlokasi di Dusun Gebang, Kelurahan Wedomartani, Kecamatan Ngemplak, Kabupaten Sleman, sekitar 11 kilo meter utara Kota Yogyakarta. (6) Candi yang dibangun pada masa Dinasti Sanjaya tersebut, juga memiliki dinding polos tanpa relief (hiasan ukir-ukiran).
(Sumber: kompas.id; 7 Maret 2019)

23. Pemakaian kata serapan yang salah terdapat dalam kalimat ….

Bacaan untuk soal nomor 21–24:

(1) Masa kejayaan peradaban Hindu di tanah Jawa selalu identik dengan mahakarya kebudayaan Hindu, yaitu Candi Prambanan. (2) Candi Prambanan pun sering dianggap orang awam sebagai satu-satunya saksi bisu sejarah kultural Hindu masa Mataram Kuno. (3) Padahal, kemegahan candi itu bukanlah bukti awal tumbuhnya budaya Hindu karena sudah ada sebuah candi yang telah berdiri sekitar satu abad sebelumnya. (4) Arsitektur bangunan cikal bakal Peradaban Mataram Hindu itu bernama Candi Gebang. (5) Situs bersejarah tersebut berlokasi di Dusun Gebang, Kelurahan Wedomartani, Kecamatan Ngemplak, Kabupaten Sleman, sekitar 11 kilo meter utara Kota Yogyakarta. (6) Candi yang dibangun pada masa Dinasti Sanjaya tersebut, juga memiliki dinding polos tanpa relief (hiasan ukir-ukiran).
(Sumber: kompas.id; 7 Maret 2019)

24. Pemakaian tanda baca koma (,) yang tidak tepat terdapat dalam kalimat ….

Bacaan untuk soal nomor 25–29:

(1) Budi daya kopi bukan hal asing bagi warga Sendang di lereng tenggara Gunung Wilis. (2) Pemerintah Kolonial Hindia-Belanda ketika itu gencar mendorong budi daya kopi di Jawa, yang salah satunya kawasan lingkar Gunung Wilis. (3) Di Sendang sudah lazim warga berbudi daya Robusta dan Arabika Kobra, tetapi kurang serius karena mereka juga merupakan peternak sapi perah atau sapi pedaging dan berladang. (4) Para petani kopi tidak mengetahui teknik budi daya hingga pemasaran yang cemerlang. (5) Hasil panen kopi Robusta terutama hanya dapat dijual di pasar-pasar tradisional dengan harga rendah, yakni Rp18.000,00–Rp22.000,00 per kilogram. (6) Dinas Pertanian kemudian melakukan pelatihan budi daya kopi hulu hilir. (7) Pelatihan tersebut mulai dari pembibitan, penanaman, perawatan, penanganan hama, pemetikan, pemprosesan, hingga pengolahan, pengemasan, pemasaran reguler, dan pemasaran digital.
(Sumber: kompas.id, 6 Maret 2019)

25. Pilihan kata yang tidak tepat terdapat dalam kalimat ….

Bacaan untuk soal nomor 25–29:

(1) Budi daya kopi bukan hal asing bagi warga Sendang di lereng tenggara Gunung Wilis. (2) Pemerintah Kolonial Hindia-Belanda ketika itu gencar mendorong budi daya kopi di Jawa, yang salah satunya kawasan lingkar Gunung Wilis. (3) Di Sendang sudah lazim warga berbudi daya Robusta dan Arabika Kobra, tetapi kurang serius karena mereka juga merupakan peternak sapi perah atau sapi pedaging dan berladang. (4) Para petani kopi tidak mengetahui teknik budi daya hingga pemasaran yang cemerlang. (5) Hasil panen kopi Robusta terutama hanya dapat dijual di pasar-pasar tradisional dengan harga rendah, yakni Rp18.000,00–Rp22.000,00 per kilogram. (6) Dinas Pertanian kemudian melakukan pelatihan budi daya kopi hulu hilir. (7) Pelatihan tersebut mulai dari pembibitan, penanaman, perawatan, penanganan hama, pemetikan, pemprosesan, hingga pengolahan, pengemasan, pemasaran reguler, dan pemasaran digital.
(Sumber: kompas.id, 6 Maret 2019)

26. Bentukan kata yang tidak tepat terdapat dalam kalimat ….

Bacaan untuk soal nomor 25–29:

(1) Budi daya kopi bukan hal asing bagi warga Sendang di lereng tenggara Gunung Wilis. (2) Pemerintah Kolonial Hindia-Belanda ketika itu gencar mendorong budi daya kopi di Jawa, yang salah satunya kawasan lingkar Gunung Wilis. (3) Di Sendang sudah lazim warga berbudi daya Robusta dan Arabika Kobra, tetapi kurang serius karena mereka juga merupakan peternak sapi perah atau sapi pedaging dan berladang. (4) Para petani kopi tidak mengetahui teknik budi daya hingga pemasaran yang cemerlang. (5) Hasil panen kopi Robusta terutama hanya dapat dijual di pasar-pasar tradisional dengan harga rendah, yakni Rp18.000,00–Rp22.000,00 per kilogram. (6) Dinas Pertanian kemudian melakukan pelatihan budi daya kopi hulu hilir. (7) Pelatihan tersebut mulai dari pembibitan, penanaman, perawatan, penanganan hama, pemetikan, pemprosesan, hingga pengolahan, pengemasan, pemasaran reguler, dan pemasaran digital.
(Sumber: kompas.id, 6 Maret 2019)

27. Antara kalimat (4) dan (5) dapat dipertegas dengan kata penghubung ….

Bacaan untuk soal nomor 25–29:

(1) Budi daya kopi bukan hal asing bagi warga Sendang di lereng tenggara Gunung Wilis. (2) Pemerintah Kolonial Hindia-Belanda ketika itu gencar mendorong budi daya kopi di Jawa, yang salah satunya kawasan lingkar Gunung Wilis. (3) Di Sendang sudah lazim warga berbudi daya Robusta dan Arabika Kobra, tetapi kurang serius karena mereka juga merupakan peternak sapi perah atau sapi pedaging dan berladang. (4) Para petani kopi tidak mengetahui teknik budi daya hingga pemasaran yang cemerlang. (5) Hasil panen kopi Robusta terutama hanya dapat dijual di pasar-pasar tradisional dengan harga rendah, yakni Rp18.000,00–Rp22.000,00 per kilogram. (6) Dinas Pertanian kemudian melakukan pelatihan budi daya kopi hulu hilir. (7) Pelatihan tersebut mulai dari pembibitan, penanaman, perawatan, penanganan hama, pemetikan, pemprosesan, hingga pengolahan, pengemasan, pemasaran reguler, dan pemasaran digital.
(Sumber: kompas.id, 6 Maret 2019)

28. Padanan kata yang tepat untuk kata serapan teknik dalam kalimat (4) adalah ….

Bacaan untuk soal nomor 25–29:

(1) Budi daya kopi bukan hal asing bagi warga Sendang di lereng tenggara Gunung Wilis. (2) Pemerintah Kolonial Hindia-Belanda ketika itu gencar mendorong budi daya kopi di Jawa, yang salah satunya kawasan lingkar Gunung Wilis. (3) Di Sendang sudah lazim warga berbudi daya Robusta dan Arabika Kobra, tetapi kurang serius karena mereka juga merupakan peternak sapi perah atau sapi pedaging dan berladang. (4) Para petani kopi tidak mengetahui teknik budi daya hingga pemasaran yang cemerlang. (5) Hasil panen kopi Robusta terutama hanya dapat dijual di pasar-pasar tradisional dengan harga rendah, yakni Rp18.000,00–Rp22.000,00 per kilogram. (6) Dinas Pertanian kemudian melakukan pelatihan budi daya kopi hulu hilir. (7) Pelatihan tersebut mulai dari pembibitan, penanaman, perawatan, penanganan hama, pemetikan, pemprosesan, hingga pengolahan, pengemasan, pemasaran reguler, dan pemasaran digital.
(Sumber: kompas.id, 6 Maret 2019)

29. Pemakaian kata tidak baku terdapat dalam kalimat ….

Bacaan untuk soal nomor 30–35:

(1) Masih seringnya konflik sosial yang terjadi di Indonesia mendorong pemerintah terus meningkatkan jumlah Pelopor Perdamaian. (2) …. (3) Kementerian Sosial (Kemensos) menargetkan pertumbuhan relawan Pelopor Perdamaian secara nasional sebanyak 200 sampai 500 orang setiap tahunnya. (4) Sampai tahun 2020 diharapkan telah tersedia 5.000 tenaga Pelopor Perdamaian. (5) Saat ini jumlah mereka sejak tahun 2015 sampai tahun 2017 sebanyak 1.644 orang yang disebarkan hampir di seluruh kabupaten/kota di Indonesia. (6) Kemensos kini juga telah memiliki satuan relawan dan pendamping sosial yang berfungsi untuk membantu masyarakat dalam mengatasi bencana alam dan kemiskinan, antara lain Taruna Siaga Bencana (Tagana) dan Pendamping Program Keluarga Harapan.
(Sumber: https//nasional.sindonews.com/read; 20 September 2017)

30. Isian yang tepat untuk bagian rumpang (kalimat 2) dalam bacaan di atas adalah …

Bacaan untuk soal nomor 30–35:

(1) Masih seringnya konflik sosial yang terjadi di Indonesia mendorong pemerintah terus meningkatkan jumlah Pelopor Perdamaian. (2) …. (3) Kementerian Sosial (Kemensos) menargetkan pertumbuhan relawan Pelopor Perdamaian secara nasional sebanyak 200 sampai 500 orang setiap tahunnya. (4) Sampai tahun 2020 diharapkan telah tersedia 5.000 tenaga Pelopor Perdamaian. (5) Saat ini jumlah mereka sejak tahun 2015 sampai tahun 2017 sebanyak 1.644 orang yang disebarkan hampir di seluruh kabupaten/kota di Indonesia. (6) Kemensos kini juga telah memiliki satuan relawan dan pendamping sosial yang berfungsi untuk membantu masyarakat dalam mengatasi bencana alam dan kemiskinan, antara lain Taruna Siaga Bencana (Tagana) dan Pendamping Program Keluarga Harapan.
(Sumber: https//nasional.sindonews.com/read; 20 September 2017)

31. Perbaikan yang paling tepat untuk kalimat nomor (5) adalah …

Bacaan untuk soal nomor 30–35:

(1) Masih seringnya konflik sosial yang terjadi di Indonesia mendorong pemerintah terus meningkatkan jumlah Pelopor Perdamaian. (2) …. (3) Kementerian Sosial (Kemensos) menargetkan pertumbuhan relawan Pelopor Perdamaian secara nasional sebanyak 200 sampai 500 orang setiap tahunnya. (4) Sampai tahun 2020 diharapkan telah tersedia 5.000 tenaga Pelopor Perdamaian. (5) Saat ini jumlah mereka sejak tahun 2015 sampai tahun 2017 sebanyak 1.644 orang yang disebarkan hampir di seluruh kabupaten/kota di Indonesia. (6) Kemensos kini juga telah memiliki satuan relawan dan pendamping sosial yang berfungsi untuk membantu masyarakat dalam mengatasi bencana alam dan kemiskinan, antara lain Taruna Siaga Bencana (Tagana) dan Pendamping Program Keluarga Harapan.
(Sumber: https//nasional.sindonews.com/read; 20 September 2017)

32. Gabungan yang paling tepat untuk kalimat (3) dan kalimat (4) adalah …

Bacaan untuk soal nomor 30–35:

(1) Masih seringnya konflik sosial yang terjadi di Indonesia mendorong pemerintah terus meningkatkan jumlah Pelopor Perdamaian. (2) …. (3) Kementerian Sosial (Kemensos) menargetkan pertumbuhan relawan Pelopor Perdamaian secara nasional sebanyak 200 sampai 500 orang setiap tahunnya. (4) Sampai tahun 2020 diharapkan telah tersedia 5.000 tenaga Pelopor Perdamaian. (5) Saat ini jumlah mereka sejak tahun 2015 sampai tahun 2017 sebanyak 1.644 orang yang disebarkan hampir di seluruh kabupaten/kota di Indonesia. (6) Kemensos kini juga telah memiliki satuan relawan dan pendamping sosial yang berfungsi untuk membantu masyarakat dalam mengatasi bencana alam dan kemiskinan, antara lain Taruna Siaga Bencana (Tagana) dan Pendamping Program Keluarga Harapan.
(Sumber: https//nasional.sindonews.com/read; 20 September 2017)

33. Inti kalimat (6) adalah …

Bacaan untuk soal nomor 30–35:

(1) Masih seringnya konflik sosial yang terjadi di Indonesia mendorong pemerintah terus meningkatkan jumlah Pelopor Perdamaian. (2) …. (3) Kementerian Sosial (Kemensos) menargetkan pertumbuhan relawan Pelopor Perdamaian secara nasional sebanyak 200 sampai 500 orang setiap tahunnya. (4) Sampai tahun 2020 diharapkan telah tersedia 5.000 tenaga Pelopor Perdamaian. (5) Saat ini jumlah mereka sejak tahun 2015 sampai tahun 2017 sebanyak 1.644 orang yang disebarkan hampir di seluruh kabupaten/kota di Indonesia. (6) Kemensos kini juga telah memiliki satuan relawan dan pendamping sosial yang berfungsi untuk membantu masyarakat dalam mengatasi bencana alam dan kemiskinan, antara lain Taruna Siaga Bencana (Tagana) dan Pendamping Program Keluarga Harapan.
(Sumber: https//nasional.sindonews.com/read; 20 September 2017)

34. Simpulan bacaan di atas adalah …

Bacaan untuk soal nomor 30–35:

(1) Masih seringnya konflik sosial yang terjadi di Indonesia mendorong pemerintah terus meningkatkan jumlah Pelopor Perdamaian. (2) …. (3) Kementerian Sosial (Kemensos) menargetkan pertumbuhan relawan Pelopor Perdamaian secara nasional sebanyak 200 sampai 500 orang setiap tahunnya. (4) Sampai tahun 2020 diharapkan telah tersedia 5.000 tenaga Pelopor Perdamaian. (5) Saat ini jumlah mereka sejak tahun 2015 sampai tahun 2017 sebanyak 1.644 orang yang disebarkan hampir di seluruh kabupaten/kota di Indonesia. (6) Kemensos kini juga telah memiliki satuan relawan dan pendamping sosial yang berfungsi untuk membantu masyarakat dalam mengatasi bencana alam dan kemiskinan, antara lain Taruna Siaga Bencana (Tagana) dan Pendamping Program Keluarga Harapan.
(Sumber: https//nasional.sindonews.com/read; 20 September 2017)

35. Kalimat yang paling tepat untuk melengkapi informasi dalam paragraf kedua adalah …

Bacaan untuk soal nomor 36–40:

(1) Menurut salah satu penelitian tahun 2017, partisipasi masyarakat usia 19-24 tahun dalam pendidikan tinggi masih didominasi oleh kelas menengah atas dan 2,6% sisanya baru diisi oleh kelas menengah bawah. (2) Hal ini menunjukkan ketidakmerataan akses yang nyata dalam pendidikan serta ketimpangan sosial. (3) Ide pemerintah perihal kredit pendidikan sebagai solusi mengatasi ketidakmerataan akses dan ketimpangan sosial direspons berbagai kalangan.
(4) Baru-baru ini ada pula respons positif yang ditelurkan oleh dua peneliti dari suatu lembaga riset. (5) Dalam tulisannya, mereka memaparkan banyak data dan temuan pendukung. (6) Bahkan, rumusan implementasi kredit pendidikan hingga saat ini belum secara gamblang diutarakan oleh pemerintah. (7) Mereka menekankan bahwa pemerintah dalam pelaksanaan kredit pendidikan perlu menerapkan orientasi khusus. (8) Kebijakan itu tentunya tidak menyengsarakan kelas menengah bawah, terutama perempuan. (9) Beban pembayaran kredit dapat diatur untuk mengurangi risiko menunggak.
(Sumber: https//kumparan.com)

36. Gagasan utama bacaan di atas adalah ….

Bacaan untuk soal nomor 36–40:

(1) Menurut salah satu penelitian tahun 2017, partisipasi masyarakat usia 19-24 tahun dalam pendidikan tinggi masih didominasi oleh kelas menengah atas dan 2,6% sisanya baru diisi oleh kelas menengah bawah. (2) Hal ini menunjukkan ketidakmerataan akses yang nyata dalam pendidikan serta ketimpangan sosial. (3) Ide pemerintah perihal kredit pendidikan sebagai solusi mengatasi ketidakmerataan akses dan ketimpangan sosial direspons berbagai kalangan.
(4) Baru-baru ini ada pula respons positif yang ditelurkan oleh dua peneliti dari suatu lembaga riset. (5) Dalam tulisannya, mereka memaparkan banyak data dan temuan pendukung. (6) Bahkan, rumusan implementasi kredit pendidikan hingga saat ini belum secara gamblang diutarakan oleh pemerintah. (7) Mereka menekankan bahwa pemerintah dalam pelaksanaan kredit pendidikan perlu menerapkan orientasi khusus. (8) Kebijakan itu tentunya tidak menyengsarakan kelas menengah bawah, terutama perempuan. (9) Beban pembayaran kredit dapat diatur untuk mengurangi risiko menunggak.
(Sumber: https//kumparan.com)

37. Kalimat utama dalam paragraf kedua di atas terdapat pada kalimat ….

Bacaan untuk soal nomor 36–40:

(1) Menurut salah satu penelitian tahun 2017, partisipasi masyarakat usia 19-24 tahun dalam pendidikan tinggi masih didominasi oleh kelas menengah atas dan 2,6% sisanya baru diisi oleh kelas menengah bawah. (2) Hal ini menunjukkan ketidakmerataan akses yang nyata dalam pendidikan serta ketimpangan sosial. (3) Ide pemerintah perihal kredit pendidikan sebagai solusi mengatasi ketidakmerataan akses dan ketimpangan sosial direspons berbagai kalangan.
(4) Baru-baru ini ada pula respons positif yang ditelurkan oleh dua peneliti dari suatu lembaga riset. (5) Dalam tulisannya, mereka memaparkan banyak data dan temuan pendukung. (6) Bahkan, rumusan implementasi kredit pendidikan hingga saat ini belum secara gamblang diutarakan oleh pemerintah. (7) Mereka menekankan bahwa pemerintah dalam pelaksanaan kredit pendidikan perlu menerapkan orientasi khusus. (8) Kebijakan itu tentunya tidak menyengsarakan kelas menengah bawah, terutama perempuan. (9) Beban pembayaran kredit dapat diatur untuk mengurangi risiko menunggak.
(Sumber: https//kumparan.com)

38. Kalimat yang tidak berhubungan dengan isi bacaan di atas adalah kalimat ….

Bacaan untuk soal nomor 36–40:

(1) Menurut salah satu penelitian tahun 2017, partisipasi masyarakat usia 19-24 tahun dalam pendidikan tinggi masih didominasi oleh kelas menengah atas dan 2,6% sisanya baru diisi oleh kelas menengah bawah. (2) Hal ini menunjukkan ketidakmerataan akses yang nyata dalam pendidikan serta ketimpangan sosial. (3) Ide pemerintah perihal kredit pendidikan sebagai solusi mengatasi ketidakmerataan akses dan ketimpangan sosial direspons berbagai kalangan.
(4) Baru-baru ini ada pula respons positif yang ditelurkan oleh dua peneliti dari suatu lembaga riset. (5) Dalam tulisannya, mereka memaparkan banyak data dan temuan pendukung. (6) Bahkan, rumusan implementasi kredit pendidikan hingga saat ini belum secara gamblang diutarakan oleh pemerintah. (7) Mereka menekankan bahwa pemerintah dalam pelaksanaan kredit pendidikan perlu menerapkan orientasi khusus. (8) Kebijakan itu tentunya tidak menyengsarakan kelas menengah bawah, terutama perempuan. (9) Beban pembayaran kredit dapat diatur untuk mengurangi risiko menunggak.
(Sumber: https//kumparan.com)

39. Masalah yang dibahas dalam bacaan di atas adalah ….

Bacaan untuk soal nomor 36–40:

(1) Menurut salah satu penelitian tahun 2017, partisipasi masyarakat usia 19-24 tahun dalam pendidikan tinggi masih didominasi oleh kelas menengah atas dan 2,6% sisanya baru diisi oleh kelas menengah bawah. (2) Hal ini menunjukkan ketidakmerataan akses yang nyata dalam pendidikan serta ketimpangan sosial. (3) Ide pemerintah perihal kredit pendidikan sebagai solusi mengatasi ketidakmerataan akses dan ketimpangan sosial direspons berbagai kalangan.
(4) Baru-baru ini ada pula respons positif yang ditelurkan oleh dua peneliti dari suatu lembaga riset. (5) Dalam tulisannya, mereka memaparkan banyak data dan temuan pendukung. (6) Bahkan, rumusan implementasi kredit pendidikan hingga saat ini belum secara gamblang diutarakan oleh pemerintah. (7) Mereka menekankan bahwa pemerintah dalam pelaksanaan kredit pendidikan perlu menerapkan orientasi khusus. (8) Kebijakan itu tentunya tidak menyengsarakan kelas menengah bawah, terutama perempuan. (9) Beban pembayaran kredit dapat diatur untuk mengurangi risiko menunggak.
(Sumber: https//kumparan.com)

40. Inti bacaan di atas adalah ….

Text 1

Shirts which are wrinkle-free are now being produced in Japan and US. Until now, the only solution for people in hurry has been a permanent press shirts, which didn’t need ironing after washing or wearing. But they were made of polyester. The new ones don’t need ironing either, but they are a combination of the comfort of cotton and the wrinkle-free convenience of polyester.
Polyester shirts became popular in the 1960s because their threads stabilize fabrics. Wrinkles from when the space between the fabric’s molecules contracts during washing or wearing. Polyester acts as girders holding the fabric’s molecules in place. Unlike the most popular material for shirts, cotton, though, polyester doesn’t breathe, let through air, and it can’t absorb perspiration.
So the new blends of cotton and polyester and the specially treated cottons will be a big hit, having a much bigger impact than permanent press did. The only problem is the shirts still have a slightly rubbery feel, from the resin the fabric is coated in. however, manufacturers promise that eventually resin-treated cotton shirts will also feel just like cotton.

61. What is the main topic of this passage?

Text 1

Shirts which are wrinkle-free are now being produced in Japan and US. Until now, the only solution for people in hurry has been a permanent press shirts, which didn’t need ironing after washing or wearing. But they were made of polyester. The new ones don’t need ironing either, but they are a combination of the comfort of cotton and the wrinkle-free convenience of polyester.
Polyester shirts became popular in the 1960s because their threads stabilize fabrics. Wrinkles from when the space between the fabric’s molecules contracts during washing or wearing. Polyester acts as girders holding the fabric’s molecules in place. Unlike the most popular material for shirts, cotton, though, polyester doesn’t breathe, let through air, and it can’t absorb perspiration.
So the new blends of cotton and polyester and the specially treated cottons will be a big hit, having a much bigger impact than permanent press did. The only problem is the shirts still have a slightly rubbery feel, from the resin the fabric is coated in. however, manufacturers promise that eventually resin-treated cotton shirts will also feel just like cotton.

62. What is the main difference between the new and old shirts?

Text 1

Shirts which are wrinkle-free are now being produced in Japan and US. Until now, the only solution for people in hurry has been a permanent press shirts, which didn’t need ironing after washing or wearing. But they were made of polyester. The new ones don’t need ironing either, but they are a combination of the comfort of cotton and the wrinkle-free convenience of polyester.
Polyester shirts became popular in the 1960s because their threads stabilize fabrics. Wrinkles from when the space between the fabric’s molecules contracts during washing or wearing. Polyester acts as girders holding the fabric’s molecules in place. Unlike the most popular material for shirts, cotton, though, polyester doesn’t breathe, let through air, and it can’t absorb perspiration.
So the new blends of cotton and polyester and the specially treated cottons will be a big hit, having a much bigger impact than permanent press did. The only problem is the shirts still have a slightly rubbery feel, from the resin the fabric is coated in. however, manufacturers promise that eventually resin-treated cotton shirts will also feel just like cotton.

63. The phrase ‘the new ones’ in paragraph one refers to

Text 1

Shirts which are wrinkle-free are now being produced in Japan and US. Until now, the only solution for people in hurry has been a permanent press shirts, which didn’t need ironing after washing or wearing. But they were made of polyester. The new ones don’t need ironing either, but they are a combination of the comfort of cotton and the wrinkle-free convenience of polyester.
Polyester shirts became popular in the 1960s because their threads stabilize fabrics. Wrinkles from when the space between the fabric’s molecules contracts during washing or wearing. Polyester acts as girders holding the fabric’s molecules in place. Unlike the most popular material for shirts, cotton, though, polyester doesn’t breathe, let through air, and it can’t absorb perspiration.
So the new blends of cotton and polyester and the specially treated cottons will be a big hit, having a much bigger impact than permanent press did. The only problem is the shirts still have a slightly rubbery feel, from the resin the fabric is coated in. however, manufacturers promise that eventually resin-treated cotton shirts will also feel just like cotton.

64. An example of the advantages of cotton over polyester is

Text 1

Shirts which are wrinkle-free are now being produced in Japan and US. Until now, the only solution for people in hurry has been a permanent press shirts, which didn’t need ironing after washing or wearing. But they were made of polyester. The new ones don’t need ironing either, but they are a combination of the comfort of cotton and the wrinkle-free convenience of polyester.
Polyester shirts became popular in the 1960s because their threads stabilize fabrics. Wrinkles from when the space between the fabric’s molecules contracts during washing or wearing. Polyester acts as girders holding the fabric’s molecules in place. Unlike the most popular material for shirts, cotton, though, polyester doesn’t breathe, let through air, and it can’t absorb perspiration.
So the new blends of cotton and polyester and the specially treated cottons will be a big hit, having a much bigger impact than permanent press did. The only problem is the shirts still have a slightly rubbery feel, from the resin the fabric is coated in. however, manufacturers promise that eventually resin-treated cotton shirts will also feel just like cotton.

65. What is the author’s purpose in using the phrase ‘a big hit’ in paragraph three?

Text 2

Several studies have found a link between happiness and altruistic behaviour, however as with many behavioural traits, it is not always clear whether doing good makes you feel good, or whether happy people are more likely to be altruistic. Research done by Konow, an economist at Loyola Marymount University in Los Angeles, found that the happier people are more likely to share. He also found that a single act of generosity did not make his subject happier, the cumulative effects of being a generous person did.

66. All of the following are true EXCEPT

Text 2

Several studies have found a link between happiness and altruistic behaviour, however as with many behavioural traits, it is not always clear whether doing good makes you feel good, or whether happy people are more likely to be altruistic. Research done by Konow, an economist at Loyola Marymount University in Los Angeles, found that the happier people are more likely to share. He also found that a single act of generosity did not make his subject happier, the cumulative effects of being a generous person did.

67. The word ‘Altruistic’ in the text, is closest in meaning to

Text 3

Plants and spices, minerals and fruits – their powerful healing properties have been used for centuries. One of the most studied of all “kitchen cures” is ginger. It has been used medicinally for millennia. The chemicals that give ginger is zesty taste –mainly gingerol and shogaol– appear to reduce intestinal contractions, neutralize digestive acids and inhibit the “vomiting centre” in the brain. Danish researchers report that a third of teaspoon of fresh or powdered ginger, taken at the first sign of migraine, may reduce symptoms by blocking prostaglandins, chemicals that inflame blood vessels in the brain.

68. According to the passage, eating ginger is beneficial, EXCEPT

Text 3

Plants and spices, minerals and fruits – their powerful healing properties have been used for centuries. One of the most studied of all “kitchen cures” is ginger. It has been used medicinally for millennia. The chemicals that give ginger is zesty taste –mainly gingerol and shogaol– appear to reduce intestinal contractions, neutralize digestive acids and inhibit the “vomiting centre” in the brain. Danish researchers report that a third of teaspoon of fresh or powdered ginger, taken at the first sign of migraine, may reduce symptoms by blocking prostaglandins, chemicals that inflame blood vessels in the brain.

69. What is the name of chemicals that give ginger zesty taste?

Text 4

The food we eat seems to have profound effects on our health. Although science has made enormous steps in making food more fit to eat, it has, at the same time, made many foods unfit to eat. Some research has shown that perhaps eighty percent of all human illnesses are related to diet and forty percent of cancer is related to the diet as well, especially cancer of the colon. People of different cultures are more prone to contract certain illnesses because of the characteristic of foods they consume.

70. How has science done a disservice to people?

Text 4

The food we eat seems to have profound effects on our health. Although science has made enormous steps in making food more fit to eat, it has, at the same time, made many foods unfit to eat. Some research has shown that perhaps eighty percent of all human illnesses are related to diet and forty percent of cancer is related to the diet as well, especially cancer of the colon. People of different cultures are more prone to contract certain illnesses because of the characteristic of foods they consume.

71. Research has shown that how many percent of cancer is related to diet?

Text 5

After inventing dynamite, Swedish-born Alfred Nobel became a very rich man. However, he foresaw its universally destructive powers too late. Nobel preferred not to be remembered as an inventor of dynamite, so in late 1895, just two weeks before his death, he created a fund to be used for awarding prizes to people who had made worthwhile contributions to humanity.

72. The Nobel prize was established in order to

Text 5

After inventing dynamite, Swedish-born Alfred Nobel became a very rich man. However, he foresaw its universally destructive powers too late. Nobel preferred not to be remembered as an inventor of dynamite, so in late 1895, just two weeks before his death, he created a fund to be used for awarding prizes to people who had made worthwhile contributions to humanity.

73. It is implied that Nobel’s profession was in

Text 6

One of the seven wonders of the ancient world, the Great Pyramid of Giza was a monument of wisdom and prophecy built as a tomb for Pharaoh Cheops in 2720 B.C. Despite its antiquity, certain aspects of its construction make it one of the truly great wonders of the world. The thirteen-acre structure near the Nile River is a solid mass of stone blocks covered with limestone. Inside are a number of hidden passageways and the burial chamber for the pharaoh. It is the largest single structure in the world. The four sides of the pyramid are aligned almost exactly on true north, south, east, and west – an incredible engineering feat. The ancient Egyptians were sun worshipers and great astronomers, so computations for the Great Pyramid were based on astronomical observations.

74. Why was the Great Pyramid constructed?

Text 6

One of the seven wonders of the ancient world, the Great Pyramid of Giza was a monument of wisdom and prophecy built as a tomb for Pharaoh Cheops in 2720 B.C. Despite its antiquity, certain aspects of its construction make it one of the truly great wonders of the world. The thirteen-acre structure near the Nile River is a solid mass of stone blocks covered with limestone. Inside are a number of hidden passageways and the burial chamber for the pharaoh. It is the largest single structure in the world. The four sides of the pyramid are aligned almost exactly on true north, south, east, and west – an incredible engineering feat. The ancient Egyptians were sun worshipers and great astronomers, so computations for the Great Pyramid were based on astronomical observations.

75. Why is the Great Pyramid of Giza considered one of the Seven Wonders of the World?

76. The artist was asked to show some paintings at the contest because _____.

77. Having finished lunch, ____.

78. This car has many features including _____

79. I have an appointment _____ the morning, but I will be free _____ the afternoon.

80. Maman’s score on the test is the highest in the class; _____.

81. Tono will not be able to attend the meeting tonight because _____.

82. Sulaeman said that no other car could go _____.

83. It was not until she had arrived home _____ remembered her appointment with the doctor.

84. Rani hasn’t begun working on her PhD. _____ working on her master’s.

85. Our flight from Solo to Jakarta was delayed _____ the heavy frog.

86. Last year, Irfan earned _____ his brother, who has a better position.

87. Choose the redundant word in the following sentence:
The twins have the same identical birthmarks on their backs.

88. Harvey will wash the clothes, _____.

89. _____ , he would have signed his name in the corner.

90. The families were told to evacuate their houses immediately _____.

46. Lahirnya Sosiologi dilatarbelakangi oleh beberapa peristiwa yang mengakibatkan perubahan sosial mendasar di Eropa Barat pada abad ke 19. Salah satu peristiwa tersebut adalah Revolusi Prancis yang mengakibatkan perubahan mendasar dalam sistem ….

47. Yang merupakan salah satu karakteristik dari norma hukum adalah ….

48. Para pekerja industri konveksi/garmen sibuk bekerja sesuai dengan tugasnya. Misal, bagian pemotongan sibuk memotong kain, tanpa tahu proses produksi berikutnya. Proses ini menyebabkan pekerja industri mengalami ….

49. Walaupun Andi mendapat predikat sebagai mahasiswa berprestasi di salah satu universitas terkemuka, dalam kehidupan sehari-harinya orang lebih mengenalnya sebagai musisi jazz. Status sebagai musisi jazz yang disandang Andi tersebut dikategorikan sebagai ….

50. Di Indonesia ada keyakinan atau kepercayaan dalam masyarakat bahwa pekerjaan yang menggunakan otak atau kepandaian lebih dihargai dan dinilai lebih tinggi dibandingkan dengan pekerjaan yang menggunakan kekuatan fisik atau tenaga. Ketidaksamaan sosial (social inequality) seperti itu dalam masyarakat dapat terus bertahan atau terpelihara di dalam sebuah sistem ….

51. Perhatikan beberapa saluran mobilitas sosial vertikal berikut.
(1) Budi beralih profesi dari penarik ojek online menjadi penarik ojek pangkalan;
(2) Oleh karena prestasi kerjanya, Theo dipromosikan dari staf menjadi wakil manager divisi humas di kantornya;
(3) Nizam berhasil lulus dari kuliah di Program Sarjana Sosiologi UI dan diterima bekerja di perusahaan swasta ternama;
(4) Pak Yusuf seorang guru Sosiologi dari SMA Jakarta pindah menjadi guru Sosiologi di Lampung;
(5) Seorang menteri di salah satu negara menjadi anggota salah satu partai.
Di antara pernyataan di atas yang tergolong ke dalam mobilitas vertikal adalah ….

52. Ada sejarawan yang berpendapat bahwa orang Indonesia berasal dari suku Melayu. Walaupun demikian, suku Melayu itu sendiri tidak bersifat tunggal. Ada yang disebut dengan Proto-Melayu dan Deutro-Melayu. Pembagian keberagaman seperti ini menurut A.L. Kroeber adalah ciri masyarakat multikultural dilihat dari sisi ….

53. Hubungan antara kelompok buruh dan pengusaha Indonesia tidak selalu harmonis. Terkadang muncul konflik yang berujung pada tindakan kekerasan atau perusakan. Konflik antara kaum buruh dan pengusaha ini dikategorikan sebagai konflik ….

54. Penggunaan internet telah membantu penyebaran pengetahuan dan ide-ide baru dari satu kelompok/masyarakat ke kelompok/masyarakat lain yang dapat mendorong perubahan sosial. Penyebaran pengetahuan dan ide-ide baru sebagai sumber penyebab perubahan sosial disebut ….

55. Upaya mengatasi atau menanggulangi anak jalanan tidak mudah dilakukan. Mereka senang di jalan karena mereka mendapatkan uang. Tim Sosiologi bermaksud melakukan penelitian dengan teknik pengamatan terlibat (participant observation).
SEBAB
Participant observation merupakan teknik pengumpulan data dengan pendekatan kuantitatif.

56. Agen sosialisasi primer yang pokok (penting) dalam sosialisasi seorang anak adalah keluarga.
SEBAB
Sosialisasi merupakan proses mempelajari nilai-nilai dan norma-norma sosial oleh individu-individu untuk dapat hidup dengan baik di masyarakat.

57. Pembedaan sosial (diferensiasi sosial) merupakan perwujudan pembagian sosial masyarakat ke dalam golongan-golongan atau kelompok-kelompok secara horizontal sehingga tidak memunculkan tingkatan-tingkatan secara hierarkis.
SEBAB
Diferensiasi sosial menyebabkan perbedaan peran-peran sosial di dalam masyarakat, serta menyebabkan perbedaan dalam hal power, prestige, privilege.

58. Budi adalah seorang anak berusia 8 tahun dan sangat menggemari sepak bola. Dia menggemari kompetisi La Liga dari Spanyol dengan klub kesayangannya Real Madrid. Berbagai merchandise klub Spanyol tersebut seperti bendera, baju kaos, dan topi dibeli dan dipakai oleh Budi. Dalam pergaulan sehari-hari dengan teman-teman seusianya, Budi seringkali membicarakan Real Madrid dan tidak jarang menirukan aksi selebrasi para pemain Real Madrid setelah mencetak gol. Bagi Budi, klub Real Madrid dijadikan sebagai ….
(1) kelompok dalam (in group)
(2) kelompok primer
(3) kelompok sekunder
(4) kelompok reference

59. Fungsi laten dari lembaga pendidikan adalah ….
(1) menyediakan sarana untuk pembangkangan
(2) mengurangi pengendalian orang tua
(3) mempertahankan sistem kelas sosial
(4) mentransfer ilmu pengetahuan dan ketrampilan

60. Sindikat pencurian ikan di laut Indonesia, perdagangan narkoba, pencurian kendaraan bermotor, merupakan tindakan ….
(1) penyimpangan yang juga merupakan kejahatan
(2) kejahatan yang bukan penyimpangan
(3) pelanggaran hukum positif yang berlaku
(4) penyimpangan sosial yang bukan kejahatan

16. 64, 100, 49, 81, 36, 64, ….

17. 9, 4, 4, 1, 1, 0, 0, 1, 1, ….

18. 2, 6, 5, 8, 10, 10, 17, 12, ….

19. 0, 2, 7, 9, 14, 16, 21, 23, ….

20. –5/4, –2/1, –1, 2/1, 10/8, 10/9, ….

21. 0, 1, 4, 4, 16, 9, 36, 16, ….

22. 1/2, 7/12, 8/12, 3/4, 10/12, ….

23. 180, 150, 120, 150, 130, 110, 120, 110, 100, ….

24. Diketahui p dan q adalah bilangan bulat positif dan 5/p < 10/q; maka pernyataan yang benar:

25. Manakah nilai perbandingan yang benar?

26. Manakah perbandingan yang benar?

27. Diketahui c^m × d^n – 24 = 1000; jika m = 2 dan n = 5; maka

28. 7/9 berbanding 6/8 adalah ….

29. Jika f = –7,5 dan g = 7,5; sedangkan x = (g – f)² dan y = (f – g)²; maka

30. Diketahui r adalah bilangan kelipatan 7 yang lebih besar dari 14 dan kurang dari 28; sedangkan s adalah bilangan genap yang lebih besar dari 20 dan kurang dari 24. Pernyataan yang benar:

The text below has incomplete sentences. Choose the one word or phrase from each number that best completes the sentence.

The widespread innovations in modern digital technology have accumulated over 50 million tons of electronics waste (e-waste) globally every year. It is obviously a (41) ______ downside to these innovations. This waste is (42) ______ than all of the world’s commercial airliners ever made, or enough Eiffel Towers to fill the borough of Manhattan in New York city, warns a new report (43) ______ at the World Economic Forum (WEF) in Davos, January 24. Currently only 20% of e-waste – including desktop computers, cell phones, laptops, television sets, printers, and (44) ______ household electrical appliances formally recycled. If nothing (45) ______, the United Nations University (UNU), one of the authors of the report, predicts e-waste could nearly triple to 120 million tons by 2050.
The study says it is difficult to gauge how many electrical goods are produced annually. (46) ______, just taking account of devices connected (47) ______ the internet, they now number many more than humans, whose total world population now stands at over 7.7 billion. The joint report titled “A New Circular Vision for Electronics – Time for Global Reboot”, and (48) ______ by seven UN agencies, points out (49) ______ rapid innovation and lowering costs (50) ______ access to electronic products and digital technology, with many benefits.

41. Choose the best word/phrase for blank (41):

The text below has incomplete sentences. Choose the one word or phrase from each number that best completes the sentence.

The widespread innovations in modern digital technology have accumulated over 50 million tons of electronics waste (e-waste) globally every year. It is obviously a (41) ______ downside to these innovations. This waste is (42) ______ than all of the world’s commercial airliners ever made, or enough Eiffel Towers to fill the borough of Manhattan in New York city, warns a new report (43) ______ at the World Economic Forum (WEF) in Davos, January 24. Currently only 20% of e-waste – including desktop computers, cell phones, laptops, television sets, printers, and (44) ______ household electrical appliances formally recycled. If nothing (45) ______, the United Nations University (UNU), one of the authors of the report, predicts e-waste could nearly triple to 120 million tons by 2050.
The study says it is difficult to gauge how many electrical goods are produced annually. (46) ______, just taking account of devices connected (47) ______ the internet, they now number many more than humans, whose total world population now stands at over 7.7 billion. The joint report titled “A New Circular Vision for Electronics – Time for Global Reboot”, and (48) ______ by seven UN agencies, points out (49) ______ rapid innovation and lowering costs (50) ______ access to electronic products and digital technology, with many benefits.

42. Choose the best word/phrase for blank (42):

The text below has incomplete sentences. Choose the one word or phrase from each number that best completes the sentence.

The widespread innovations in modern digital technology have accumulated over 50 million tons of electronics waste (e-waste) globally every year. It is obviously a (41) ______ downside to these innovations. This waste is (42) ______ than all of the world’s commercial airliners ever made, or enough Eiffel Towers to fill the borough of Manhattan in New York city, warns a new report (43) ______ at the World Economic Forum (WEF) in Davos, January 24. Currently only 20% of e-waste – including desktop computers, cell phones, laptops, television sets, printers, and (44) ______ household electrical appliances formally recycled. If nothing (45) ______, the United Nations University (UNU), one of the authors of the report, predicts e-waste could nearly triple to 120 million tons by 2050.
The study says it is difficult to gauge how many electrical goods are produced annually. (46) ______, just taking account of devices connected (47) ______ the internet, they now number many more than humans, whose total world population now stands at over 7.7 billion. The joint report titled “A New Circular Vision for Electronics – Time for Global Reboot”, and (48) ______ by seven UN agencies, points out (49) ______ rapid innovation and lowering costs (50) ______ access to electronic products and digital technology, with many benefits.

43. Choose the best word/phrase for blank (43):

The text below has incomplete sentences. Choose the one word or phrase from each number that best completes the sentence.

The widespread innovations in modern digital technology have accumulated over 50 million tons of electronics waste (e-waste) globally every year. It is obviously a (41) ______ downside to these innovations. This waste is (42) ______ than all of the world’s commercial airliners ever made, or enough Eiffel Towers to fill the borough of Manhattan in New York city, warns a new report (43) ______ at the World Economic Forum (WEF) in Davos, January 24. Currently only 20% of e-waste – including desktop computers, cell phones, laptops, television sets, printers, and (44) ______ household electrical appliances formally recycled. If nothing (45) ______, the United Nations University (UNU), one of the authors of the report, predicts e-waste could nearly triple to 120 million tons by 2050.
The study says it is difficult to gauge how many electrical goods are produced annually. (46) ______, just taking account of devices connected (47) ______ the internet, they now number many more than humans, whose total world population now stands at over 7.7 billion. The joint report titled “A New Circular Vision for Electronics – Time for Global Reboot”, and (48) ______ by seven UN agencies, points out (49) ______ rapid innovation and lowering costs (50) ______ access to electronic products and digital technology, with many benefits.

44. Choose the best word/phrase for blank (44):

The text below has incomplete sentences. Choose the one word or phrase from each number that best completes the sentence.

The widespread innovations in modern digital technology have accumulated over 50 million tons of electronics waste (e-waste) globally every year. It is obviously a (41) ______ downside to these innovations. This waste is (42) ______ than all of the world’s commercial airliners ever made, or enough Eiffel Towers to fill the borough of Manhattan in New York city, warns a new report (43) ______ at the World Economic Forum (WEF) in Davos, January 24. Currently only 20% of e-waste – including desktop computers, cell phones, laptops, television sets, printers, and (44) ______ household electrical appliances formally recycled. If nothing (45) ______, the United Nations University (UNU), one of the authors of the report, predicts e-waste could nearly triple to 120 million tons by 2050.
The study says it is difficult to gauge how many electrical goods are produced annually. (46) ______, just taking account of devices connected (47) ______ the internet, they now number many more than humans, whose total world population now stands at over 7.7 billion. The joint report titled “A New Circular Vision for Electronics – Time for Global Reboot”, and (48) ______ by seven UN agencies, points out (49) ______ rapid innovation and lowering costs (50) ______ access to electronic products and digital technology, with many benefits.

45. Choose the best word/phrase for blank (45):

The text below has incomplete sentences. Choose the one word or phrase from each number that best completes the sentence.

The widespread innovations in modern digital technology have accumulated over 50 million tons of electronics waste (e-waste) globally every year. It is obviously a (41) ______ downside to these innovations. This waste is (42) ______ than all of the world’s commercial airliners ever made, or enough Eiffel Towers to fill the borough of Manhattan in New York city, warns a new report (43) ______ at the World Economic Forum (WEF) in Davos, January 24. Currently only 20% of e-waste – including desktop computers, cell phones, laptops, television sets, printers, and (44) ______ household electrical appliances formally recycled. If nothing (45) ______, the United Nations University (UNU), one of the authors of the report, predicts e-waste could nearly triple to 120 million tons by 2050.
The study says it is difficult to gauge how many electrical goods are produced annually. (46) ______, just taking account of devices connected (47) ______ the internet, they now number many more than humans, whose total world population now stands at over 7.7 billion. The joint report titled “A New Circular Vision for Electronics – Time for Global Reboot”, and (48) ______ by seven UN agencies, points out (49) ______ rapid innovation and lowering costs (50) ______ access to electronic products and digital technology, with many benefits.

46. Choose the best word/phrase for blank (46):

The text below has incomplete sentences. Choose the one word or phrase from each number that best completes the sentence.

The widespread innovations in modern digital technology have accumulated over 50 million tons of electronics waste (e-waste) globally every year. It is obviously a (41) ______ downside to these innovations. This waste is (42) ______ than all of the world’s commercial airliners ever made, or enough Eiffel Towers to fill the borough of Manhattan in New York city, warns a new report (43) ______ at the World Economic Forum (WEF) in Davos, January 24. Currently only 20% of e-waste – including desktop computers, cell phones, laptops, television sets, printers, and (44) ______ household electrical appliances formally recycled. If nothing (45) ______, the United Nations University (UNU), one of the authors of the report, predicts e-waste could nearly triple to 120 million tons by 2050.
The study says it is difficult to gauge how many electrical goods are produced annually. (46) ______, just taking account of devices connected (47) ______ the internet, they now number many more than humans, whose total world population now stands at over 7.7 billion. The joint report titled “A New Circular Vision for Electronics – Time for Global Reboot”, and (48) ______ by seven UN agencies, points out (49) ______ rapid innovation and lowering costs (50) ______ access to electronic products and digital technology, with many benefits.

47. Choose the best word/phrase for blank (47):

The text below has incomplete sentences. Choose the one word or phrase from each number that best completes the sentence.

The widespread innovations in modern digital technology have accumulated over 50 million tons of electronics waste (e-waste) globally every year. It is obviously a (41) ______ downside to these innovations. This waste is (42) ______ than all of the world’s commercial airliners ever made, or enough Eiffel Towers to fill the borough of Manhattan in New York city, warns a new report (43) ______ at the World Economic Forum (WEF) in Davos, January 24. Currently only 20% of e-waste – including desktop computers, cell phones, laptops, television sets, printers, and (44) ______ household electrical appliances formally recycled. If nothing (45) ______, the United Nations University (UNU), one of the authors of the report, predicts e-waste could nearly triple to 120 million tons by 2050.
The study says it is difficult to gauge how many electrical goods are produced annually. (46) ______, just taking account of devices connected (47) ______ the internet, they now number many more than humans, whose total world population now stands at over 7.7 billion. The joint report titled “A New Circular Vision for Electronics – Time for Global Reboot”, and (48) ______ by seven UN agencies, points out (49) ______ rapid innovation and lowering costs (50) ______ access to electronic products and digital technology, with many benefits.

48. Choose the best word/phrase for blank (48):

The text below has incomplete sentences. Choose the one word or phrase from each number that best completes the sentence.

The widespread innovations in modern digital technology have accumulated over 50 million tons of electronics waste (e-waste) globally every year. It is obviously a (41) ______ downside to these innovations. This waste is (42) ______ than all of the world’s commercial airliners ever made, or enough Eiffel Towers to fill the borough of Manhattan in New York city, warns a new report (43) ______ at the World Economic Forum (WEF) in Davos, January 24. Currently only 20% of e-waste – including desktop computers, cell phones, laptops, television sets, printers, and (44) ______ household electrical appliances formally recycled. If nothing (45) ______, the United Nations University (UNU), one of the authors of the report, predicts e-waste could nearly triple to 120 million tons by 2050.
The study says it is difficult to gauge how many electrical goods are produced annually. (46) ______, just taking account of devices connected (47) ______ the internet, they now number many more than humans, whose total world population now stands at over 7.7 billion. The joint report titled “A New Circular Vision for Electronics – Time for Global Reboot”, and (48) ______ by seven UN agencies, points out (49) ______ rapid innovation and lowering costs (50) ______ access to electronic products and digital technology, with many benefits.

49. Choose the best word/phrase for blank (49):

The text below has incomplete sentences. Choose the one word or phrase from each number that best completes the sentence.

The widespread innovations in modern digital technology have accumulated over 50 million tons of electronics waste (e-waste) globally every year. It is obviously a (41) ______ downside to these innovations. This waste is (42) ______ than all of the world’s commercial airliners ever made, or enough Eiffel Towers to fill the borough of Manhattan in New York city, warns a new report (43) ______ at the World Economic Forum (WEF) in Davos, January 24. Currently only 20% of e-waste – including desktop computers, cell phones, laptops, television sets, printers, and (44) ______ household electrical appliances formally recycled. If nothing (45) ______, the United Nations University (UNU), one of the authors of the report, predicts e-waste could nearly triple to 120 million tons by 2050.
The study says it is difficult to gauge how many electrical goods are produced annually. (46) ______, just taking account of devices connected (47) ______ the internet, they now number many more than humans, whose total world population now stands at over 7.7 billion. The joint report titled “A New Circular Vision for Electronics – Time for Global Reboot”, and (48) ______ by seven UN agencies, points out (49) ______ rapid innovation and lowering costs (50) ______ access to electronic products and digital technology, with many benefits.

50. Choose the best word/phrase for blank (50):

Study the passage and choose the best answer to the questions that follow.

Last January, a study in Nature Climate Change showed that the world’s glaciers are the smallest they have been in human history, revealing radiocarbon material that has not been exposed for 40,000 years. Now, new research published in Nature quantifies how much the world’s lost glaciers have contributed to rising sea levels.
From 1961, when reliable record keeping began, to 2016, the ocean crawled up 27 millimeters as a result of ice sloughing off the world’s non-polar glaciers. Scientists had known that melting glaciers contribute to sea-level rise, but the new study takes a comprehensive look at how much and how quickly they are melting. They found mountain glaciers contribute roughly a third of measured sea-level rise—the same contribution to sea-level rise as the Greenland ice sheet and more than the contribution of the Antarctic ice sheet. Their research also highlighted that many of the world’s glaciers may disappear in the next century. In total, NASA estimates that sea levels rise by three millimeters each year. As oceans warm further, scientists estimate thermal expansion will force sea levels up even more.
The study looked at 19 geologically distinct regions that had been previously segmented by the Randolph Glacier Inventory. For each of these regions, they relied on field data from the World Glacier Monitoring Service. In any of these regions, field measurements are generally only available for one or two glaciers.
To get a more detailed analysis, the researchers used data collected from airborne and satellite surveys to calculate changes in a glacier’s volume. Not only did they find that sea levels have risen as much as 27 millimeters in the past 50 years, they also calculated change in glacial mass from 2006 to 2016, finding that sea level roughly increased one millimeter each year. Their data showed that in the 1960s and 1970s, glaciers had predictable seasonal changes, losing mass in the summer and regaining it in the winter. In the 1980s, data showed more was lost than regained, and by the 1990s, all the glaciers they measured showed they were losing more volume than they could replace.
To see how much that contributed to rising sea levels, the researchers then divided the total mass lost from glaciers by the surface of the ocean. Coastal towns are already beginning to feel the impacts of sea-level rise. In the Outer Banks in North Carolina, neighborhoods that once looked over the ocean have begun to fall into it. Major cities like Miami are developing adaption plans for when, not if, seas rise.
Melting glaciers will also impact the inland communities that rely on them. The Peruvian Andes are home to some of the world’s most heavily relied upon glaciers. Since the Inca, Peru’s glaciers have been a crucial source of freshwater for human consumption and agriculture. A study published last October in the journal Scientific Reports estimated that the Quelccaya Ice Cap, a region that spans more than 9,000 football fields, could reach a tipping point if emissions are not reduced in the next 30 years.

51. What is the topic of the text?

Study the passage and choose the best answer to the questions that follow.

Last January, a study in Nature Climate Change showed that the world’s glaciers are the smallest they have been in human history, revealing radiocarbon material that has not been exposed for 40,000 years. Now, new research published in Nature quantifies how much the world’s lost glaciers have contributed to rising sea levels.
From 1961, when reliable record keeping began, to 2016, the ocean crawled up 27 millimeters as a result of ice sloughing off the world’s non-polar glaciers. Scientists had known that melting glaciers contribute to sea-level rise, but the new study takes a comprehensive look at how much and how quickly they are melting. They found mountain glaciers contribute roughly a third of measured sea-level rise—the same contribution to sea-level rise as the Greenland ice sheet and more than the contribution of the Antarctic ice sheet. Their research also highlighted that many of the world’s glaciers may disappear in the next century. In total, NASA estimates that sea levels rise by three millimeters each year. As oceans warm further, scientists estimate thermal expansion will force sea levels up even more.
The study looked at 19 geologically distinct regions that had been previously segmented by the Randolph Glacier Inventory. For each of these regions, they relied on field data from the World Glacier Monitoring Service. In any of these regions, field measurements are generally only available for one or two glaciers.
To get a more detailed analysis, the researchers used data collected from airborne and satellite surveys to calculate changes in a glacier’s volume. Not only did they find that sea levels have risen as much as 27 millimeters in the past 50 years, they also calculated change in glacial mass from 2006 to 2016, finding that sea level roughly increased one millimeter each year. Their data showed that in the 1960s and 1970s, glaciers had predictable seasonal changes, losing mass in the summer and regaining it in the winter. In the 1980s, data showed more was lost than regained, and by the 1990s, all the glaciers they measured showed they were losing more volume than they could replace.
To see how much that contributed to rising sea levels, the researchers then divided the total mass lost from glaciers by the surface of the ocean. Coastal towns are already beginning to feel the impacts of sea-level rise. In the Outer Banks in North Carolina, neighborhoods that once looked over the ocean have begun to fall into it. Major cities like Miami are developing adaption plans for when, not if, seas rise.
Melting glaciers will also impact the inland communities that rely on them. The Peruvian Andes are home to some of the world’s most heavily relied upon glaciers. Since the Inca, Peru’s glaciers have been a crucial source of freshwater for human consumption and agriculture. A study published last October in the journal Scientific Reports estimated that the Quelccaya Ice Cap, a region that spans more than 9,000 football fields, could reach a tipping point if emissions are not reduced in the next 30 years.

52. It can be inferred from the text that

Study the passage and choose the best answer to the questions that follow.

Last January, a study in Nature Climate Change showed that the world’s glaciers are the smallest they have been in human history, revealing radiocarbon material that has not been exposed for 40,000 years. Now, new research published in Nature quantifies how much the world’s lost glaciers have contributed to rising sea levels.
From 1961, when reliable record keeping began, to 2016, the ocean crawled up 27 millimeters as a result of ice sloughing off the world’s non-polar glaciers. Scientists had known that melting glaciers contribute to sea-level rise, but the new study takes a comprehensive look at how much and how quickly they are melting. They found mountain glaciers contribute roughly a third of measured sea-level rise—the same contribution to sea-level rise as the Greenland ice sheet and more than the contribution of the Antarctic ice sheet. Their research also highlighted that many of the world’s glaciers may disappear in the next century. In total, NASA estimates that sea levels rise by three millimeters each year. As oceans warm further, scientists estimate thermal expansion will force sea levels up even more.
The study looked at 19 geologically distinct regions that had been previously segmented by the Randolph Glacier Inventory. For each of these regions, they relied on field data from the World Glacier Monitoring Service. In any of these regions, field measurements are generally only available for one or two glaciers.
To get a more detailed analysis, the researchers used data collected from airborne and satellite surveys to calculate changes in a glacier’s volume. Not only did they find that sea levels have risen as much as 27 millimeters in the past 50 years, they also calculated change in glacial mass from 2006 to 2016, finding that sea level roughly increased one millimeter each year. Their data showed that in the 1960s and 1970s, glaciers had predictable seasonal changes, losing mass in the summer and regaining it in the winter. In the 1980s, data showed more was lost than regained, and by the 1990s, all the glaciers they measured showed they were losing more volume than they could replace.
To see how much that contributed to rising sea levels, the researchers then divided the total mass lost from glaciers by the surface of the ocean. Coastal towns are already beginning to feel the impacts of sea-level rise. In the Outer Banks in North Carolina, neighborhoods that once looked over the ocean have begun to fall into it. Major cities like Miami are developing adaption plans for when, not if, seas rise.
Melting glaciers will also impact the inland communities that rely on them. The Peruvian Andes are home to some of the world’s most heavily relied upon glaciers. Since the Inca, Peru’s glaciers have been a crucial source of freshwater for human consumption and agriculture. A study published last October in the journal Scientific Reports estimated that the Quelccaya Ice Cap, a region that spans more than 9,000 football fields, could reach a tipping point if emissions are not reduced in the next 30 years.

53. Which of the following is closest in meaning to the word ‘highlighted’ in line 8?

Study the passage and choose the best answer to the questions that follow.

Last January, a study in Nature Climate Change showed that the world’s glaciers are the smallest they have been in human history, revealing radiocarbon material that has not been exposed for 40,000 years. Now, new research published in Nature quantifies how much the world’s lost glaciers have contributed to rising sea levels.
From 1961, when reliable record keeping began, to 2016, the ocean crawled up 27 millimeters as a result of ice sloughing off the world’s non-polar glaciers. Scientists had known that melting glaciers contribute to sea-level rise, but the new study takes a comprehensive look at how much and how quickly they are melting. They found mountain glaciers contribute roughly a third of measured sea-level rise—the same contribution to sea-level rise as the Greenland ice sheet and more than the contribution of the Antarctic ice sheet. Their research also highlighted that many of the world’s glaciers may disappear in the next century. In total, NASA estimates that sea levels rise by three millimeters each year. As oceans warm further, scientists estimate thermal expansion will force sea levels up even more.
The study looked at 19 geologically distinct regions that had been previously segmented by the Randolph Glacier Inventory. For each of these regions, they relied on field data from the World Glacier Monitoring Service. In any of these regions, field measurements are generally only available for one or two glaciers.
To get a more detailed analysis, the researchers used data collected from airborne and satellite surveys to calculate changes in a glacier’s volume. Not only did they find that sea levels have risen as much as 27 millimeters in the past 50 years, they also calculated change in glacial mass from 2006 to 2016, finding that sea level roughly increased one millimeter each year. Their data showed that in the 1960s and 1970s, glaciers had predictable seasonal changes, losing mass in the summer and regaining it in the winter. In the 1980s, data showed more was lost than regained, and by the 1990s, all the glaciers they measured showed they were losing more volume than they could replace.
To see how much that contributed to rising sea levels, the researchers then divided the total mass lost from glaciers by the surface of the ocean. Coastal towns are already beginning to feel the impacts of sea-level rise. In the Outer Banks in North Carolina, neighborhoods that once looked over the ocean have begun to fall into it. Major cities like Miami are developing adaption plans for when, not if, seas rise.
Melting glaciers will also impact the inland communities that rely on them. The Peruvian Andes are home to some of the world’s most heavily relied upon glaciers. Since the Inca, Peru’s glaciers have been a crucial source of freshwater for human consumption and agriculture. A study published last October in the journal Scientific Reports estimated that the Quelccaya Ice Cap, a region that spans more than 9,000 football fields, could reach a tipping point if emissions are not reduced in the next 30 years.

54. The pronoun ‘they’ in line 19 refers to

Study the passage and choose the best answer to the questions that follow.

Last January, a study in Nature Climate Change showed that the world’s glaciers are the smallest they have been in human history, revealing radiocarbon material that has not been exposed for 40,000 years. Now, new research published in Nature quantifies how much the world’s lost glaciers have contributed to rising sea levels.
From 1961, when reliable record keeping began, to 2016, the ocean crawled up 27 millimeters as a result of ice sloughing off the world’s non-polar glaciers. Scientists had known that melting glaciers contribute to sea-level rise, but the new study takes a comprehensive look at how much and how quickly they are melting. They found mountain glaciers contribute roughly a third of measured sea-level rise—the same contribution to sea-level rise as the Greenland ice sheet and more than the contribution of the Antarctic ice sheet. Their research also highlighted that many of the world’s glaciers may disappear in the next century. In total, NASA estimates that sea levels rise by three millimeters each year. As oceans warm further, scientists estimate thermal expansion will force sea levels up even more.
The study looked at 19 geologically distinct regions that had been previously segmented by the Randolph Glacier Inventory. For each of these regions, they relied on field data from the World Glacier Monitoring Service. In any of these regions, field measurements are generally only available for one or two glaciers.
To get a more detailed analysis, the researchers used data collected from airborne and satellite surveys to calculate changes in a glacier’s volume. Not only did they find that sea levels have risen as much as 27 millimeters in the past 50 years, they also calculated change in glacial mass from 2006 to 2016, finding that sea level roughly increased one millimeter each year. Their data showed that in the 1960s and 1970s, glaciers had predictable seasonal changes, losing mass in the summer and regaining it in the winter. In the 1980s, data showed more was lost than regained, and by the 1990s, all the glaciers they measured showed they were losing more volume than they could replace.
To see how much that contributed to rising sea levels, the researchers then divided the total mass lost from glaciers by the surface of the ocean. Coastal towns are already beginning to feel the impacts of sea-level rise. In the Outer Banks in North Carolina, neighborhoods that once looked over the ocean have begun to fall into it. Major cities like Miami are developing adaption plans for when, not if, seas rise.
Melting glaciers will also impact the inland communities that rely on them. The Peruvian Andes are home to some of the world’s most heavily relied upon glaciers. Since the Inca, Peru’s glaciers have been a crucial source of freshwater for human consumption and agriculture. A study published last October in the journal Scientific Reports estimated that the Quelccaya Ice Cap, a region that spans more than 9,000 football fields, could reach a tipping point if emissions are not reduced in the next 30 years.

55. Where in the text does the author mention the size of sea-level rise in the past five decades?

Study the passage and choose the best answer to the questions that follow.

Last January, a study in Nature Climate Change showed that the world’s glaciers are the smallest they have been in human history, revealing radiocarbon material that has not been exposed for 40,000 years. Now, new research published in Nature quantifies how much the world’s lost glaciers have contributed to rising sea levels.
From 1961, when reliable record keeping began, to 2016, the ocean crawled up 27 millimeters as a result of ice sloughing off the world’s non-polar glaciers. Scientists had known that melting glaciers contribute to sea-level rise, but the new study takes a comprehensive look at how much and how quickly they are melting. They found mountain glaciers contribute roughly a third of measured sea-level rise—the same contribution to sea-level rise as the Greenland ice sheet and more than the contribution of the Antarctic ice sheet. Their research also highlighted that many of the world’s glaciers may disappear in the next century. In total, NASA estimates that sea levels rise by three millimeters each year. As oceans warm further, scientists estimate thermal expansion will force sea levels up even more.
The study looked at 19 geologically distinct regions that had been previously segmented by the Randolph Glacier Inventory. For each of these regions, they relied on field data from the World Glacier Monitoring Service. In any of these regions, field measurements are generally only available for one or two glaciers.
To get a more detailed analysis, the researchers used data collected from airborne and satellite surveys to calculate changes in a glacier’s volume. Not only did they find that sea levels have risen as much as 27 millimeters in the past 50 years, they also calculated change in glacial mass from 2006 to 2016, finding that sea level roughly increased one millimeter each year. Their data showed that in the 1960s and 1970s, glaciers had predictable seasonal changes, losing mass in the summer and regaining it in the winter. In the 1980s, data showed more was lost than regained, and by the 1990s, all the glaciers they measured showed they were losing more volume than they could replace.
To see how much that contributed to rising sea levels, the researchers then divided the total mass lost from glaciers by the surface of the ocean. Coastal towns are already beginning to feel the impacts of sea-level rise. In the Outer Banks in North Carolina, neighborhoods that once looked over the ocean have begun to fall into it. Major cities like Miami are developing adaption plans for when, not if, seas rise.
Melting glaciers will also impact the inland communities that rely on them. The Peruvian Andes are home to some of the world’s most heavily relied upon glaciers. Since the Inca, Peru’s glaciers have been a crucial source of freshwater for human consumption and agriculture. A study published last October in the journal Scientific Reports estimated that the Quelccaya Ice Cap, a region that spans more than 9,000 football fields, could reach a tipping point if emissions are not reduced in the next 30 years.

56. The text states all the following, EXCEPT

Study the passage and choose the best answer to the questions that follow.

Last January, a study in Nature Climate Change showed that the world’s glaciers are the smallest they have been in human history, revealing radiocarbon material that has not been exposed for 40,000 years. Now, new research published in Nature quantifies how much the world’s lost glaciers have contributed to rising sea levels.
From 1961, when reliable record keeping began, to 2016, the ocean crawled up 27 millimeters as a result of ice sloughing off the world’s non-polar glaciers. Scientists had known that melting glaciers contribute to sea-level rise, but the new study takes a comprehensive look at how much and how quickly they are melting. They found mountain glaciers contribute roughly a third of measured sea-level rise—the same contribution to sea-level rise as the Greenland ice sheet and more than the contribution of the Antarctic ice sheet. Their research also highlighted that many of the world’s glaciers may disappear in the next century. In total, NASA estimates that sea levels rise by three millimeters each year. As oceans warm further, scientists estimate thermal expansion will force sea levels up even more.
The study looked at 19 geologically distinct regions that had been previously segmented by the Randolph Glacier Inventory. For each of these regions, they relied on field data from the World Glacier Monitoring Service. In any of these regions, field measurements are generally only available for one or two glaciers.
To get a more detailed analysis, the researchers used data collected from airborne and satellite surveys to calculate changes in a glacier’s volume. Not only did they find that sea levels have risen as much as 27 millimeters in the past 50 years, they also calculated change in glacial mass from 2006 to 2016, finding that sea level roughly increased one millimeter each year. Their data showed that in the 1960s and 1970s, glaciers had predictable seasonal changes, losing mass in the summer and regaining it in the winter. In the 1980s, data showed more was lost than regained, and by the 1990s, all the glaciers they measured showed they were losing more volume than they could replace.
To see how much that contributed to rising sea levels, the researchers then divided the total mass lost from glaciers by the surface of the ocean. Coastal towns are already beginning to feel the impacts of sea-level rise. In the Outer Banks in North Carolina, neighborhoods that once looked over the ocean have begun to fall into it. Major cities like Miami are developing adaption plans for when, not if, seas rise.
Melting glaciers will also impact the inland communities that rely on them. The Peruvian Andes are home to some of the world’s most heavily relied upon glaciers. Since the Inca, Peru’s glaciers have been a crucial source of freshwater for human consumption and agriculture. A study published last October in the journal Scientific Reports estimated that the Quelccaya Ice Cap, a region that spans more than 9,000 football fields, could reach a tipping point if emissions are not reduced in the next 30 years.

57. Which of the following is TRUE according to the text?

Study the passage and choose the best answer to the questions that follow.

Last January, a study in Nature Climate Change showed that the world’s glaciers are the smallest they have been in human history, revealing radiocarbon material that has not been exposed for 40,000 years. Now, new research published in Nature quantifies how much the world’s lost glaciers have contributed to rising sea levels.
From 1961, when reliable record keeping began, to 2016, the ocean crawled up 27 millimeters as a result of ice sloughing off the world’s non-polar glaciers. Scientists had known that melting glaciers contribute to sea-level rise, but the new study takes a comprehensive look at how much and how quickly they are melting. They found mountain glaciers contribute roughly a third of measured sea-level rise—the same contribution to sea-level rise as the Greenland ice sheet and more than the contribution of the Antarctic ice sheet. Their research also highlighted that many of the world’s glaciers may disappear in the next century. In total, NASA estimates that sea levels rise by three millimeters each year. As oceans warm further, scientists estimate thermal expansion will force sea levels up even more.
The study looked at 19 geologically distinct regions that had been previously segmented by the Randolph Glacier Inventory. For each of these regions, they relied on field data from the World Glacier Monitoring Service. In any of these regions, field measurements are generally only available for one or two glaciers.
To get a more detailed analysis, the researchers used data collected from airborne and satellite surveys to calculate changes in a glacier’s volume. Not only did they find that sea levels have risen as much as 27 millimeters in the past 50 years, they also calculated change in glacial mass from 2006 to 2016, finding that sea level roughly increased one millimeter each year. Their data showed that in the 1960s and 1970s, glaciers had predictable seasonal changes, losing mass in the summer and regaining it in the winter. In the 1980s, data showed more was lost than regained, and by the 1990s, all the glaciers they measured showed they were losing more volume than they could replace.
To see how much that contributed to rising sea levels, the researchers then divided the total mass lost from glaciers by the surface of the ocean. Coastal towns are already beginning to feel the impacts of sea-level rise. In the Outer Banks in North Carolina, neighborhoods that once looked over the ocean have begun to fall into it. Major cities like Miami are developing adaption plans for when, not if, seas rise.
Melting glaciers will also impact the inland communities that rely on them. The Peruvian Andes are home to some of the world’s most heavily relied upon glaciers. Since the Inca, Peru’s glaciers have been a crucial source of freshwater for human consumption and agriculture. A study published last October in the journal Scientific Reports estimated that the Quelccaya Ice Cap, a region that spans more than 9,000 football fields, could reach a tipping point if emissions are not reduced in the next 30 years.

58. Which of the following best describes the organization of the text?

Study the passage and choose the best answer to the questions that follow.

Last January, a study in Nature Climate Change showed that the world’s glaciers are the smallest they have been in human history, revealing radiocarbon material that has not been exposed for 40,000 years. Now, new research published in Nature quantifies how much the world’s lost glaciers have contributed to rising sea levels.
From 1961, when reliable record keeping began, to 2016, the ocean crawled up 27 millimeters as a result of ice sloughing off the world’s non-polar glaciers. Scientists had known that melting glaciers contribute to sea-level rise, but the new study takes a comprehensive look at how much and how quickly they are melting. They found mountain glaciers contribute roughly a third of measured sea-level rise—the same contribution to sea-level rise as the Greenland ice sheet and more than the contribution of the Antarctic ice sheet. Their research also highlighted that many of the world’s glaciers may disappear in the next century. In total, NASA estimates that sea levels rise by three millimeters each year. As oceans warm further, scientists estimate thermal expansion will force sea levels up even more.
The study looked at 19 geologically distinct regions that had been previously segmented by the Randolph Glacier Inventory. For each of these regions, they relied on field data from the World Glacier Monitoring Service. In any of these regions, field measurements are generally only available for one or two glaciers.
To get a more detailed analysis, the researchers used data collected from airborne and satellite surveys to calculate changes in a glacier’s volume. Not only did they find that sea levels have risen as much as 27 millimeters in the past 50 years, they also calculated change in glacial mass from 2006 to 2016, finding that sea level roughly increased one millimeter each year. Their data showed that in the 1960s and 1970s, glaciers had predictable seasonal changes, losing mass in the summer and regaining it in the winter. In the 1980s, data showed more was lost than regained, and by the 1990s, all the glaciers they measured showed they were losing more volume than they could replace.
To see how much that contributed to rising sea levels, the researchers then divided the total mass lost from glaciers by the surface of the ocean. Coastal towns are already beginning to feel the impacts of sea-level rise. In the Outer Banks in North Carolina, neighborhoods that once looked over the ocean have begun to fall into it. Major cities like Miami are developing adaption plans for when, not if, seas rise.
Melting glaciers will also impact the inland communities that rely on them. The Peruvian Andes are home to some of the world’s most heavily relied upon glaciers. Since the Inca, Peru’s glaciers have been a crucial source of freshwater for human consumption and agriculture. A study published last October in the journal Scientific Reports estimated that the Quelccaya Ice Cap, a region that spans more than 9,000 football fields, could reach a tipping point if emissions are not reduced in the next 30 years.

59. It can be inferred from the text that about 5 decades ago a glacier’s volume

Study the passage and choose the best answer to the questions that follow.

Last January, a study in Nature Climate Change showed that the world’s glaciers are the smallest they have been in human history, revealing radiocarbon material that has not been exposed for 40,000 years. Now, new research published in Nature quantifies how much the world’s lost glaciers have contributed to rising sea levels.
From 1961, when reliable record keeping began, to 2016, the ocean crawled up 27 millimeters as a result of ice sloughing off the world’s non-polar glaciers. Scientists had known that melting glaciers contribute to sea-level rise, but the new study takes a comprehensive look at how much and how quickly they are melting. They found mountain glaciers contribute roughly a third of measured sea-level rise—the same contribution to sea-level rise as the Greenland ice sheet and more than the contribution of the Antarctic ice sheet. Their research also highlighted that many of the world’s glaciers may disappear in the next century. In total, NASA estimates that sea levels rise by three millimeters each year. As oceans warm further, scientists estimate thermal expansion will force sea levels up even more.
The study looked at 19 geologically distinct regions that had been previously segmented by the Randolph Glacier Inventory. For each of these regions, they relied on field data from the World Glacier Monitoring Service. In any of these regions, field measurements are generally only available for one or two glaciers.
To get a more detailed analysis, the researchers used data collected from airborne and satellite surveys to calculate changes in a glacier’s volume. Not only did they find that sea levels have risen as much as 27 millimeters in the past 50 years, they also calculated change in glacial mass from 2006 to 2016, finding that sea level roughly increased one millimeter each year. Their data showed that in the 1960s and 1970s, glaciers had predictable seasonal changes, losing mass in the summer and regaining it in the winter. In the 1980s, data showed more was lost than regained, and by the 1990s, all the glaciers they measured showed they were losing more volume than they could replace.
To see how much that contributed to rising sea levels, the researchers then divided the total mass lost from glaciers by the surface of the ocean. Coastal towns are already beginning to feel the impacts of sea-level rise. In the Outer Banks in North Carolina, neighborhoods that once looked over the ocean have begun to fall into it. Major cities like Miami are developing adaption plans for when, not if, seas rise.
Melting glaciers will also impact the inland communities that rely on them. The Peruvian Andes are home to some of the world’s most heavily relied upon glaciers. Since the Inca, Peru’s glaciers have been a crucial source of freshwater for human consumption and agriculture. A study published last October in the journal Scientific Reports estimated that the Quelccaya Ice Cap, a region that spans more than 9,000 football fields, could reach a tipping point if emissions are not reduced in the next 30 years.

60. What is the purpose of the text?

Passage 1

By far the most horrible example of the social malaise of the 1920s was the revival of Ku Klux Klan. Like the predecessor of the Reconstruction days, the new Klan began as an instrument for repressing southern blacks. In the reactionary postwar period many white southerners set out to undo the gains blacks had made during the war years. Lynching increased in number; race riot broke out in a dozen cities in the summer and fall of 1919. The new Klan, founded in 1915 by William J. Simmons, a preacher, expanded rapidly in this atmosphere. From the start the Klan admitted only native born, white protestants to membership. The distrust of foreigners, Catholics, and Jews, implicit in the regulation burst into the open in the social climate that also spawned religious fundamentalism, immigration restriction, and prohibition. By 1923 it claimed the astonishing total of 5 million members.
The Klan had relatively little appeal in the Northeast or in metropolitan centers in other parts of the country, but it found many members in the middle-sized cities as well as in the small towns and villages of middle western and western states like Indiana, Ohio and Oregon. The scapegoats in such regions were immigrants, Jews, and especially Catholics. The rationale was an urge to get back to an older, supposedly finer America and a desperate desire in stamp out all varieties of non conformity. Posing as guardians on public and private morally, Klansmen prosecuted gamblers, loose women, violators of the prohibiting laws and respectable persons who happened to differ from them on religious questions or who belonged to a foreign race.

81. What is the best title of this passage?

Passage 1

By far the most horrible example of the social malaise of the 1920s was the revival of Ku Klux Klan. Like the predecessor of the Reconstruction days, the new Klan began as an instrument for repressing southern blacks. In the reactionary postwar period many white southerners set out to undo the gains blacks had made during the war years. Lynching increased in number; race riot broke out in a dozen cities in the summer and fall of 1919. The new Klan, founded in 1915 by William J. Simmons, a preacher, expanded rapidly in this atmosphere. From the start the Klan admitted only native born, white protestants to membership. The distrust of foreigners, Catholics, and Jews, implicit in the regulation burst into the open in the social climate that also spawned religious fundamentalism, immigration restriction, and prohibition. By 1923 it claimed the astonishing total of 5 million members.
The Klan had relatively little appeal in the Northeast or in metropolitan centers in other parts of the country, but it found many members in the middle-sized cities as well as in the small towns and villages of middle western and western states like Indiana, Ohio and Oregon. The scapegoats in such regions were immigrants, Jews, and especially Catholics. The rationale was an urge to get back to an older, supposedly finer America and a desperate desire in stamp out all varieties of non conformity. Posing as guardians on public and private morally, Klansmen prosecuted gamblers, loose women, violators of the prohibiting laws and respectable persons who happened to differ from them on religious questions or who belonged to a foreign race.

82. The following statements are true, EXCEPT

Passage 1

By far the most horrible example of the social malaise of the 1920s was the revival of Ku Klux Klan. Like the predecessor of the Reconstruction days, the new Klan began as an instrument for repressing southern blacks. In the reactionary postwar period many white southerners set out to undo the gains blacks had made during the war years. Lynching increased in number; race riot broke out in a dozen cities in the summer and fall of 1919. The new Klan, founded in 1915 by William J. Simmons, a preacher, expanded rapidly in this atmosphere. From the start the Klan admitted only native born, white protestants to membership. The distrust of foreigners, Catholics, and Jews, implicit in the regulation burst into the open in the social climate that also spawned religious fundamentalism, immigration restriction, and prohibition. By 1923 it claimed the astonishing total of 5 million members.
The Klan had relatively little appeal in the Northeast or in metropolitan centers in other parts of the country, but it found many members in the middle-sized cities as well as in the small towns and villages of middle western and western states like Indiana, Ohio and Oregon. The scapegoats in such regions were immigrants, Jews, and especially Catholics. The rationale was an urge to get back to an older, supposedly finer America and a desperate desire in stamp out all varieties of non conformity. Posing as guardians on public and private morally, Klansmen prosecuted gamblers, loose women, violators of the prohibiting laws and respectable persons who happened to differ from them on religious questions or who belonged to a foreign race.

83. What might be the subject of the preceding paragraph?

Passage 1

By far the most horrible example of the social malaise of the 1920s was the revival of Ku Klux Klan. Like the predecessor of the Reconstruction days, the new Klan began as an instrument for repressing southern blacks. In the reactionary postwar period many white southerners set out to undo the gains blacks had made during the war years. Lynching increased in number; race riot broke out in a dozen cities in the summer and fall of 1919. The new Klan, founded in 1915 by William J. Simmons, a preacher, expanded rapidly in this atmosphere. From the start the Klan admitted only native born, white protestants to membership. The distrust of foreigners, Catholics, and Jews, implicit in the regulation burst into the open in the social climate that also spawned religious fundamentalism, immigration restriction, and prohibition. By 1923 it claimed the astonishing total of 5 million members.
The Klan had relatively little appeal in the Northeast or in metropolitan centers in other parts of the country, but it found many members in the middle-sized cities as well as in the small towns and villages of middle western and western states like Indiana, Ohio and Oregon. The scapegoats in such regions were immigrants, Jews, and especially Catholics. The rationale was an urge to get back to an older, supposedly finer America and a desperate desire in stamp out all varieties of non conformity. Posing as guardians on public and private morally, Klansmen prosecuted gamblers, loose women, violators of the prohibiting laws and respectable persons who happened to differ from them on religious questions or who belonged to a foreign race.

84. It can be inferred from the passage that …

Passage 1

By far the most horrible example of the social malaise of the 1920s was the revival of Ku Klux Klan. Like the predecessor of the Reconstruction days, the new Klan began as an instrument for repressing southern blacks. In the reactionary postwar period many white southerners set out to undo the gains blacks had made during the war years. Lynching increased in number; race riot broke out in a dozen cities in the summer and fall of 1919. The new Klan, founded in 1915 by William J. Simmons, a preacher, expanded rapidly in this atmosphere. From the start the Klan admitted only native born, white protestants to membership. The distrust of foreigners, Catholics, and Jews, implicit in the regulation burst into the open in the social climate that also spawned religious fundamentalism, immigration restriction, and prohibition. By 1923 it claimed the astonishing total of 5 million members.
The Klan had relatively little appeal in the Northeast or in metropolitan centers in other parts of the country, but it found many members in the middle-sized cities as well as in the small towns and villages of middle western and western states like Indiana, Ohio and Oregon. The scapegoats in such regions were immigrants, Jews, and especially Catholics. The rationale was an urge to get back to an older, supposedly finer America and a desperate desire in stamp out all varieties of non conformity. Posing as guardians on public and private morally, Klansmen prosecuted gamblers, loose women, violators of the prohibiting laws and respectable persons who happened to differ from them on religious questions or who belonged to a foreign race.

85. The word ‘distrust’ in line 9 can be best replaced by which of the following words?

Passage 2

The outbreak of World War II thrust the Unites States into a worldwide conflict, heightening the need for Americans to become orally proficient in the languages of both allies and their enemies. The time was ripe for a language-teaching revolution. The U.S. military provided the impetus with funding for special, intensive language courses that focused the aural/oral skills; these courses came to be known as the Army Specialized Training Program (ASTP), or, more colloquially, the “Army Method.” Characteristics of these courses were a great deal of oral activity – pronunciation and pattern drills and conversation practice – with virtually none of the grammar and translation found in traditional classes. It was ironic that numerous foundation stones of the now somewhat unpopular Direct Method were borrowed and injected into this new approach. Soon, the success of the Army Method and the revived national interest in foreign languages spurred educational institutions to adopt the new methodology. In all its variations and adaptations, the Army Method came to be known in the 1950s as the Audiolingual Method (ALM).

86. According to the passage, the following activities were initiated by the US government right after the commence of World War II, EXCEPT …

Passage 2

The outbreak of World War II thrust the Unites States into a worldwide conflict, heightening the need for Americans to become orally proficient in the languages of both allies and their enemies. The time was ripe for a language-teaching revolution. The U.S. military provided the impetus with funding for special, intensive language courses that focused the aural/oral skills; these courses came to be known as the Army Specialized Training Program (ASTP), or, more colloquially, the “Army Method.” Characteristics of these courses were a great deal of oral activity – pronunciation and pattern drills and conversation practice – with virtually none of the grammar and translation found in traditional classes. It was ironic that numerous foundation stones of the now somewhat unpopular Direct Method were borrowed and injected into this new approach. Soon, the success of the Army Method and the revived national interest in foreign languages spurred educational institutions to adopt the new methodology. In all its variations and adaptations, the Army Method came to be known in the 1950s as the Audiolingual Method (ALM).

87. The Army Method is similar to the Direct Method in that …

Passage 2

The outbreak of World War II thrust the Unites States into a worldwide conflict, heightening the need for Americans to become orally proficient in the languages of both allies and their enemies. The time was ripe for a language-teaching revolution. The U.S. military provided the impetus with funding for special, intensive language courses that focused the aural/oral skills; these courses came to be known as the Army Specialized Training Program (ASTP), or, more colloquially, the “Army Method.” Characteristics of these courses were a great deal of oral activity – pronunciation and pattern drills and conversation practice – with virtually none of the grammar and translation found in traditional classes. It was ironic that numerous foundation stones of the now somewhat unpopular Direct Method were borrowed and injected into this new approach. Soon, the success of the Army Method and the revived national interest in foreign languages spurred educational institutions to adopt the new methodology. In all its variations and adaptations, the Army Method came to be known in the 1950s as the Audiolingual Method (ALM).

88. The word ‘impetus’ in line 4 could be best replaced by which of the following?

Passage 2

The outbreak of World War II thrust the Unites States into a worldwide conflict, heightening the need for Americans to become orally proficient in the languages of both allies and their enemies. The time was ripe for a language-teaching revolution. The U.S. military provided the impetus with funding for special, intensive language courses that focused the aural/oral skills; these courses came to be known as the Army Specialized Training Program (ASTP), or, more colloquially, the “Army Method.” Characteristics of these courses were a great deal of oral activity – pronunciation and pattern drills and conversation practice – with virtually none of the grammar and translation found in traditional classes. It was ironic that numerous foundation stones of the now somewhat unpopular Direct Method were borrowed and injected into this new approach. Soon, the success of the Army Method and the revived national interest in foreign languages spurred educational institutions to adopt the new methodology. In all its variations and adaptations, the Army Method came to be known in the 1950s as the Audiolingual Method (ALM).

89. Who would be mostly concerned with the topic in the passage?

Passage 2

The outbreak of World War II thrust the Unites States into a worldwide conflict, heightening the need for Americans to become orally proficient in the languages of both allies and their enemies. The time was ripe for a language-teaching revolution. The U.S. military provided the impetus with funding for special, intensive language courses that focused the aural/oral skills; these courses came to be known as the Army Specialized Training Program (ASTP), or, more colloquially, the “Army Method.” Characteristics of these courses were a great deal of oral activity – pronunciation and pattern drills and conversation practice – with virtually none of the grammar and translation found in traditional classes. It was ironic that numerous foundation stones of the now somewhat unpopular Direct Method were borrowed and injected into this new approach. Soon, the success of the Army Method and the revived national interest in foreign languages spurred educational institutions to adopt the new methodology. In all its variations and adaptations, the Army Method came to be known in the 1950s as the Audiolingual Method (ALM).

90. It can be inferred from the passage that …

Extinct animals include those species which have been lost relatively … (91) … as well as those which are more usually described as … (92) … prehistoric. Prehistoric means … (93) … to a period prior to a … (94) … history, that is before approximately 2500 years ago. … (95) … most of the prehistoric animals described here lived long before this time – millions rather than thousands of years ago.

91. Choose the best word to fill in blank (91): ‘…lost relatively … (91) …’

Extinct animals include those species which have been lost relatively … (91) … as well as those which are more usually described as … (92) … prehistoric. Prehistoric means … (93) … to a period prior to a … (94) … history, that is before approximately 2500 years ago. … (95) … most of the prehistoric animals described here lived long before this time – millions rather than thousands of years ago.

92. Choose the best word to fill in blank (92): ‘…described as … (92) … prehistoric’

Extinct animals include those species which have been lost relatively … (91) … as well as those which are more usually described as … (92) … prehistoric. Prehistoric means … (93) … to a period prior to a … (94) … history, that is before approximately 2500 years ago. … (95) … most of the prehistoric animals described here lived long before this time – millions rather than thousands of years ago.

93. Choose the best word to fill in blank (93): ‘Prehistoric means … (93) … to a period prior to…’

Extinct animals include those species which have been lost relatively … (91) … as well as those which are more usually described as … (92) … prehistoric. Prehistoric means … (93) … to a period prior to a … (94) … history, that is before approximately 2500 years ago. … (95) … most of the prehistoric animals described here lived long before this time – millions rather than thousands of years ago.

94. Choose the best word to fill in blank (94): ‘…prior to a … (94) … history’

Extinct animals include those species which have been lost relatively … (91) … as well as those which are more usually described as … (92) … prehistoric. Prehistoric means … (93) … to a period prior to a … (94) … history, that is before approximately 2500 years ago. … (95) … most of the prehistoric animals described here lived long before this time – millions rather than thousands of years ago.

95. Choose the best word to fill in blank (95): ‘… (95) … most of the prehistoric animals described here lived long before this time’

40. Sebuah tabungan menghasilkan bunga Rp450.000 dalam 9 bulan dengan suku bunga 6% per tahun. Berapa besar tabungan pokok tersebut?

39. Seorang pedagang membeli barang senilai Rp500.000 dan ingin mendapat keuntungan 30%. Agar keuntungan tersebut tetap terpenuhi walaupun memberikan diskon 10%, berapakah harga yang harus dipatok sebelum diskon?

38. Pak Eko menyewakan rumahnya dengan harga Rp18.000.000 per tahun. Ia harus membayar pajak sewa 10% dan biaya perawatan Rp2.000.000 per tahun. Berapa pendapatan bersih Pak Eko per bulan?

37. Sebuah toko menjual dua jenis kopi. Kopi A seharga Rp80.000 per kg dan kopi B seharga Rp50.000 per kg. Keduanya dicampur dengan perbandingan 2 : 3. Berapa harga campuran per kg?

36. Seorang tukang bangunan dibayar Rp120.000 per hari. Jika ia bekerja selama 25 hari dalam sebulan dan dipotong pajak 5%, berapa gaji bersih yang diterima?

35. Jika harga 4 pensil dan 3 penghapus adalah Rp13.500, sedangkan harga 2 pensil dan 5 penghapus adalah Rp12.500, berapakah harga 1 pensil?

34. Seorang pedagang ayam membeli 50 ekor ayam dengan harga rata-rata Rp80.000 per ekor. Sebanyak 5 ekor mati sebelum dijual. Sisa ayam dijual dengan harga Rp100.000 per ekor. Berapa keuntungan atau kerugian pedagang tersebut?

33. Sebuah mobil menggunakan 8 liter bensin untuk menempuh jarak 96 km. Jika harga bensin Rp10.000 per liter, berapa biaya bahan bakar yang diperlukan untuk menempuh jarak 240 km?

32. Perbandingan uang Andi dan Budi adalah 3 : 5. Jika jumlah uang mereka Rp480.000, berapakah uang Budi?

31. Sebuah barang dibeli dengan harga Rp120.000 dan dijual kembali dengan rugi 15%. Berapa harga jual barang tersebut?

30. Ibu menabung di bank sebesar Rp8.000.000 dengan bunga tunggal 9% per tahun. Berapa bulan lama Ibu harus menabung agar bunganya mencapai Rp1.080.000?

29. Sebuah pabrik menghasilkan 1.500 unit barang per hari dengan 25 mesin. Jika 5 mesin rusak, berapa unit barang yang dapat dihasilkan per hari?

28. Seorang pegawai negeri mendapat kenaikan gaji 8% setiap tahun. Jika gaji awalnya Rp4.000.000, berapakah gajinya setelah 2 tahun?

27. Sebuah toko mengadakan obral akhir tahun. Harga jaket sebelum obral Rp350.000. Saat obral mendapat diskon 20% lalu ditambah diskon 5%. Berapa harga jaket tersebut setelah semua diskon?

26. Seorang kontraktor memperkirakan pekerjaan renovasi rumah dapat diselesaikan 8 pekerja dalam 30 hari. Karena ingin selesai lebih cepat, berapa pekerja yang harus ditambah agar pekerjaan selesai dalam 20 hari?

25. Pak Rudi menginvestasikan uangnya sebesar Rp10.000.000 dengan bunga majemuk 10% per tahun. Berapa jumlah uang Pak Rudi setelah 2 tahun?

24. Rata-rata berat badan 10 orang siswa adalah 52 kg. Jika seorang siswa baru yang beratnya 62 kg bergabung, berapakah rata-rata berat badan mereka sekarang?

23. Sebuah toko buku menjual buku dengan harga Rp45.000 per buah. Jika pembeli membeli lebih dari 5 buku, mendapat diskon 8%. Berapa yang harus dibayar jika membeli 8 buku?

22. Jarak kota A ke kota B adalah 240 km. Sebuah bus berangkat dari kota A pukul 07.00 dengan kecepatan 60 km/jam. Bus tersebut berhenti istirahat selama 30 menit di tengah perjalanan. Pukul berapa bus tiba di kota B?

21. Sebuah perusahaan memiliki 240 karyawan. Sebanyak 35% adalah perempuan. Jika 18 karyawan perempuan baru diterima, berapa persen karyawan perempuan sekarang?

1. Seorang pedagang membeli 50 kg beras dengan harga Rp9.000 per kg. Ia menjual kembali beras tersebut dengan harga Rp10.800 per kg. Berapa persen keuntungan yang diperoleh pedagang tersebut?

2. Sebuah toko memberikan diskon 25% untuk semua barang elektronik. Jika harga sebuah televisi setelah diskon adalah Rp2.250.000, berapakah harga asli televisi tersebut?

3. Pak Hasan meminjam uang di bank sebesar Rp5.000.000 dengan bunga tunggal 12% per tahun. Berapa jumlah uang yang harus dikembalikan Pak Hasan setelah 2 tahun?

4. Sebuah barang dijual dengan harga Rp84.000 setelah mendapat keuntungan 40% dari harga beli. Berapakah harga beli barang tersebut?

5. Seorang karyawan menerima gaji Rp3.600.000 per bulan. Ia menabung 15% dari gajinya setiap bulan. Berapa jumlah tabungannya setelah 8 bulan?

6. Dua orang bekerja bersama dapat menyelesaikan suatu pekerjaan dalam 6 hari. Jika orang pertama bekerja sendiri dapat menyelesaikan dalam 10 hari, berapa hari orang kedua menyelesaikan pekerjaan itu sendiri?

7. Harga sebuah laptop turun 20% sehingga menjadi Rp6.400.000. Berapakah harga laptop sebelum turun?

8. Seorang petani memiliki ladang seluas 1,5 hektar. Ia menanam jagung di 2/5 bagian ladangnya, dan menanam singkong di sisanya. Berapa m² luas ladang yang ditanami singkong?

9. Sebuah mobil menempuh jarak 360 km dalam 4 jam. Jika kecepatan mobil ditingkatkan 25%, berapa jam waktu yang dibutuhkan untuk menempuh jarak yang sama?

10. Bu Ani membeli 3 lusin piring dengan harga Rp1.440.000. Ia kemudian menjual setiap piring dengan harga Rp45.000. Berapa persen keuntungan Bu Ani?

11. Sebuah keran dapat mengisi bak mandi penuh dalam 12 menit, sedangkan lubang pembuangan dapat mengosongkan bak dalam 20 menit. Jika keran dibuka dan pembuangan tidak ditutup, berapa menit bak akan penuh?

12. Modal awal sebuah usaha adalah Rp20.000.000. Setelah satu tahun, modal tersebut berkembang menjadi Rp23.000.000. Berapakah persentase keuntungan usaha tersebut per tahun?

13. Pak Budi membeli sepeda motor seharga Rp15.000.000. Setiap tahun nilai motor tersebut turun 10% dari harga sebelumnya. Berapakah nilai motor Pak Budi setelah 2 tahun?

14. Seorang pedagang menjual 120 buah mangga. Sebanyak 30% dijual dengan harga Rp5.000 per buah, dan sisanya dengan harga Rp3.500 per buah. Berapa total pendapatan pedagang tersebut?

15. Sebuah proyek dapat diselesaikan oleh 12 orang dalam 15 hari. Jika hanya tersedia 9 orang, berapa hari proyek tersebut dapat diselesaikan?

16. Seorang siswa mendapat nilai rata-rata 75 dari 5 mata pelajaran. Jika nilai mata pelajaran keenam adalah 90, berapakah nilai rata-rata keenam mata pelajaran tersebut?

17. Sebuah toko menjual baju dengan harga Rp180.000. Jika toko tersebut memberikan diskon 15% kemudian diskon lagi 10%, berapa harga baju setelah kedua diskon?

18. Ibu membeli 5 kg tepung terigu, 3 kg gula pasir, dan 2 kg mentega dengan harga masing-masing Rp8.000, Rp12.000, dan Rp22.000 per kg. Berapa total belanja ibu?

19. Sebuah kolam ikan berbentuk persegi panjang dengan panjang 8 m dan lebar 5 m. Kolam tersebut akan diberi pagar di sekelilingnya. Jika harga pagar Rp75.000 per meter, berapa biaya yang diperlukan?

20. Seorang penjual membeli 200 buah jeruk dengan harga Rp600.000. Sebanyak 20 buah busuk dan tidak dapat dijual. Sisa jeruk dijual dengan harga Rp4.000 per buah. Berapakah keuntungan penjual tersebut?

1. Pada tumbuhan lumut, fase dominan dalam daur hidupnya adalah sporofit.
SEBAB
Fase gametofit tumbuhan lumut hanya hidup dalam waktu singkat.

2. Pengangkutan air dan garam mineral pada tumbuhan lumut berlangsung melalui jaringan:

3. Urutan yang benar bagian-bagian sporofit tumbuhan lumut daun dari ujung ke pangkal adalah:

4. Perkembangan sporogonium tanaman lumut terjadi pada gametofit.
SEBAB
Sporofit tanaman lumut tidak dapat hidup bebas.

5. Pertumbuhan dan perkembangan sporogonium tumbuhan lumut terjadi pada tubuh gametofit.
SEBAB
Gametofit tumbuhan lumut memiliki masa hidup lebih panjang daripada sporofit.

6. Siklus hidup lumut dan tumbuhan paku memiliki kesamaan dalam hal:
(1) Menghasilkan spora
(2) Mengalami pergiliran keturunan
(3) Generasi gametofit menghasilkan sperma dan sel telur
(4) Generasi gametofit merupakan individu yang bersifat heterotrof

7. Perkembangan sporogonium tumbuhan lumut terjadi pada gametofit.
SEBAB
Gametofit tumbuhan lumut memiliki masa hidup lebih panjang daripada sporofit.

8. Bagian tubuh Pteridophyta yang menunjukkan tingkat perkembangan lebih maju dibanding Bryophyta adalah:

9. Equisetum merupakan tumbuhan paku yang tergolong primitif.
SEBAB
Equisetum menghasilkan dua macam spora yang berbeda ukuran.

10. Lycopodium cernuum digolongkan sebagai tumbuhan kormofita berspora.
SEBAB
Lycopodium cernuum menghasilkan dua macam spora yang berbeda ukurannya.

11. Jenis daun tumbuhan paku yang berperan khusus untuk melanjutkan keturunan dari generasi ke generasi adalah: