Mini TO SIMAK UI Bahasa Inggris 18

Passage 1:
Plastic bags are often thought of as free, no-brainer solutions to carry your groceries or to use as trashcan liners. However, research has shown that as a consequence of carefree usage of plastic bags millions of tons of plastic particles __31__ in our seas each year. Reversing this trend and finding ways to maintain both the health of our oceans and the human benefits associated with it are complicated tasks. Most people appreciate and value the importance of the ocean and see marine litter as a global problem. __32__, the challenge is connecting the dots. So many of human behaviors and decisions contribute to this problem, but rarely are there attempts to link their impact to the environment. Behavioral science has been recognized as __33__ to understand drivers of human behavior which support ongoing initiatives to clean up our environments. For instance, behavioral scientists have suggested that the public could become more __34__ if powerful images were carried on everyday products, similar to that already being used on cigarette packaging.

31. Choose the correct word to fill in blank __31__.

Passage 1:
Plastic bags are often thought of as free, no-brainer solutions to carry your groceries or to use as trashcan liners. However, research has shown that as a consequence of carefree usage of plastic bags millions of tons of plastic particles __31__ in our seas each year. Reversing this trend and finding ways to maintain both the health of our oceans and the human benefits associated with it are complicated tasks. Most people appreciate and value the importance of the ocean and see marine litter as a global problem. __32__, the challenge is connecting the dots. So many of human behaviors and decisions contribute to this problem, but rarely are there attempts to link their impact to the environment. Behavioral science has been recognized as __33__ to understand drivers of human behavior which support ongoing initiatives to clean up our environments. For instance, behavioral scientists have suggested that the public could become more __34__ if powerful images were carried on everyday products, similar to that already being used on cigarette packaging.

32. Choose the correct word/phrase to fill in blank __32__.

Passage 1:
Plastic bags are often thought of as free, no-brainer solutions to carry your groceries or to use as trashcan liners. However, research has shown that as a consequence of carefree usage of plastic bags millions of tons of plastic particles __31__ in our seas each year. Reversing this trend and finding ways to maintain both the health of our oceans and the human benefits associated with it are complicated tasks. Most people appreciate and value the importance of the ocean and see marine litter as a global problem. __32__, the challenge is connecting the dots. So many of human behaviors and decisions contribute to this problem, but rarely are there attempts to link their impact to the environment. Behavioral science has been recognized as __33__ to understand drivers of human behavior which support ongoing initiatives to clean up our environments. For instance, behavioral scientists have suggested that the public could become more __34__ if powerful images were carried on everyday products, similar to that already being used on cigarette packaging.

33. Choose the correct phrase to fill in blank __33__.

Passage 1:
Plastic bags are often thought of as free, no-brainer solutions to carry your groceries or to use as trashcan liners. However, research has shown that as a consequence of carefree usage of plastic bags millions of tons of plastic particles __31__ in our seas each year. Reversing this trend and finding ways to maintain both the health of our oceans and the human benefits associated with it are complicated tasks. Most people appreciate and value the importance of the ocean and see marine litter as a global problem. __32__, the challenge is connecting the dots. So many of human behaviors and decisions contribute to this problem, but rarely are there attempts to link their impact to the environment. Behavioral science has been recognized as __33__ to understand drivers of human behavior which support ongoing initiatives to clean up our environments. For instance, behavioral scientists have suggested that the public could become more __34__ if powerful images were carried on everyday products, similar to that already being used on cigarette packaging.

34. Choose the correct word to fill in blank __34__.

Passage 2:
Unlike beloved children’s stories, nature is a cruel, hard world that is painted not in watercolors but in blood. A study found that chemicals released by plants as they are eaten can help push caterpillars to cannibalism. Many plants release the chemical methyl jasmonate when stressed or damaged. Getting gnawed on by a caterpillar is stressful, so when the caterpillars start biting, the chemical flare goes up. Other nearby plants sense the flare and start producing their own methyl jasmonate, building a chemical camouflage around their leaves and stems. Once all the food sources taste terrible, caterpillars turn to the next available meal: each other. Plants with the time to build up a strong defense can make their leaves so unappetizing that caterpillars will start eating each other to get their fill, leaving the plant alone.
Researchers now plan to also look into how insect viruses are transferred during their more carnivorous period. If viruses that harm caterpillars are transferred more easily by cannibalism, that could be a gain for the plants. Not only are their leaves protected from pests, but now those predators are spreading disease amongst themselves, reducing the herbivore population further. Interestingly enough, cannibalism can serve some important functions among these herbivores. Eating each other literally takes the competition out of the food chain, and keeps the surviving population strong in a time when food might be scarce. Therefore, we should not be too quick to judge these fuzzy little cannibals. It’s a bug eat bug world out there.

35. Which of the following statements is NOT TRUE according to the text?

Passage 2:
Unlike beloved children’s stories, nature is a cruel, hard world that is painted not in watercolors but in blood. A study found that chemicals released by plants as they are eaten can help push caterpillars to cannibalism. Many plants release the chemical methyl jasmonate when stressed or damaged. Getting gnawed on by a caterpillar is stressful, so when the caterpillars start biting, the chemical flare goes up. Other nearby plants sense the flare and start producing their own methyl jasmonate, building a chemical camouflage around their leaves and stems. Once all the food sources taste terrible, caterpillars turn to the next available meal: each other. Plants with the time to build up a strong defense can make their leaves so unappetizing that caterpillars will start eating each other to get their fill, leaving the plant alone.
Researchers now plan to also look into how insect viruses are transferred during their more carnivorous period. If viruses that harm caterpillars are transferred more easily by cannibalism, that could be a gain for the plants. Not only are their leaves protected from pests, but now those predators are spreading disease amongst themselves, reducing the herbivore population further. Interestingly enough, cannibalism can serve some important functions among these herbivores. Eating each other literally takes the competition out of the food chain, and keeps the surviving population strong in a time when food might be scarce. Therefore, we should not be too quick to judge these fuzzy little cannibals. It’s a bug eat bug world out there.

36. The topic of this passage is ….

Passage 2:
Unlike beloved children’s stories, nature is a cruel, hard world that is painted not in watercolors but in blood. A study found that chemicals released by plants as they are eaten can help push caterpillars to cannibalism. Many plants release the chemical methyl jasmonate when stressed or damaged. Getting gnawed on by a caterpillar is stressful, so when the caterpillars start biting, the chemical flare goes up. Other nearby plants sense the flare and start producing their own methyl jasmonate, building a chemical camouflage around their leaves and stems. Once all the food sources taste terrible, caterpillars turn to the next available meal: each other. Plants with the time to build up a strong defense can make their leaves so unappetizing that caterpillars will start eating each other to get their fill, leaving the plant alone.
Researchers now plan to also look into how insect viruses are transferred during their more carnivorous period. If viruses that harm caterpillars are transferred more easily by cannibalism, that could be a gain for the plants. Not only are their leaves protected from pests, but now those predators are spreading disease amongst themselves, reducing the herbivore population further. Interestingly enough, cannibalism can serve some important functions among these herbivores. Eating each other literally takes the competition out of the food chain, and keeps the surviving population strong in a time when food might be scarce. Therefore, we should not be too quick to judge these fuzzy little cannibals. It’s a bug eat bug world out there.

37. It can be inferred from the text that ….

Passage 2:
Unlike beloved children’s stories, nature is a cruel, hard world that is painted not in watercolors but in blood. A study found that chemicals released by plants as they are eaten can help push caterpillars to cannibalism. Many plants release the chemical methyl jasmonate when stressed or damaged. Getting gnawed on by a caterpillar is stressful, so when the caterpillars start biting, the chemical flare goes up. Other nearby plants sense the flare and start producing their own methyl jasmonate, building a chemical camouflage around their leaves and stems. Once all the food sources taste terrible, caterpillars turn to the next available meal: each other. Plants with the time to build up a strong defense can make their leaves so unappetizing that caterpillars will start eating each other to get their fill, leaving the plant alone.
Researchers now plan to also look into how insect viruses are transferred during their more carnivorous period. If viruses that harm caterpillars are transferred more easily by cannibalism, that could be a gain for the plants. Not only are their leaves protected from pests, but now those predators are spreading disease amongst themselves, reducing the herbivore population further. Interestingly enough, cannibalism can serve some important functions among these herbivores. Eating each other literally takes the competition out of the food chain, and keeps the surviving population strong in a time when food might be scarce. Therefore, we should not be too quick to judge these fuzzy little cannibals. It’s a bug eat bug world out there.

38. The purpose of this passage is to ….

Passage 2:
Unlike beloved children’s stories, nature is a cruel, hard world that is painted not in watercolors but in blood. A study found that chemicals released by plants as they are eaten can help push caterpillars to cannibalism. Many plants release the chemical methyl jasmonate when stressed or damaged. Getting gnawed on by a caterpillar is stressful, so when the caterpillars start biting, the chemical flare goes up. Other nearby plants sense the flare and start producing their own methyl jasmonate, building a chemical camouflage around their leaves and stems. Once all the food sources taste terrible, caterpillars turn to the next available meal: each other. Plants with the time to build up a strong defense can make their leaves so unappetizing that caterpillars will start eating each other to get their fill, leaving the plant alone.
Researchers now plan to also look into how insect viruses are transferred during their more carnivorous period. If viruses that harm caterpillars are transferred more easily by cannibalism, that could be a gain for the plants. Not only are their leaves protected from pests, but now those predators are spreading disease amongst themselves, reducing the herbivore population further. Interestingly enough, cannibalism can serve some important functions among these herbivores. Eating each other literally takes the competition out of the food chain, and keeps the surviving population strong in a time when food might be scarce. Therefore, we should not be too quick to judge these fuzzy little cannibals. It’s a bug eat bug world out there.

39. The tone of this passage is ….

Passage 3:
There’s a certain sinking feeling one gets when thinking of the perfect thing to say just a moment too late. There is no English word to express this feeling, but the French have the term l’esprit de l’escalier for this very phenomenon. The English language also lacks the word to describe the binge eating that follows an emotional blow, but the Germans have kummerspeck to do just that. If we had the Swedish word lagom, the English explanation of Goldilocks’ perfectly temperate soup __40__ a lot more accurate. __41__ English speakers are limited in their choice of words surprises many non-native English speakers. There are many words that English speakers don’t have. Sometimes Anglophones take from other languages, but often, we have to find a way around a specific feeling or emotion that doesn’t have its own word. The reason why we borrow words like savoir faire from French is because that word did not culturally evolve as part of our language. Speaking different languages means you get different frames and metaphors. You’re also learning the culture of the language so you get not only different words, but also different types of words.
However, the benefits of speaking multiple languages extend past just having access to different words, concepts, metaphors, and frames. Multilingualism has __43__. Multilinguals tend to score better on standardized tests, especially in math, reading, and vocabulary. They are better at remembering lists or sequences due to intensive learning of grammatical rules and vocabulary. They are more perceptive to their surroundings and therefore better at focusing on important information while __44__ misleading information.

40. Choose the correct verb phrase to fill in blank __40__.

Passage 3:
There’s a certain sinking feeling one gets when thinking of the perfect thing to say just a moment too late. There is no English word to express this feeling, but the French have the term l’esprit de l’escalier for this very phenomenon. The English language also lacks the word to describe the binge eating that follows an emotional blow, but the Germans have kummerspeck to do just that. If we had the Swedish word lagom, the English explanation of Goldilocks’ perfectly temperate soup __40__ a lot more accurate. __41__ English speakers are limited in their choice of words surprises many non-native English speakers. There are many words that English speakers don’t have. Sometimes Anglophones take from other languages, but often, we have to find a way around a specific feeling or emotion that doesn’t have its own word. The reason why we borrow words like savoir faire from French is because that word did not culturally evolve as part of our language. Speaking different languages means you get different frames and metaphors. You’re also learning the culture of the language so you get not only different words, but also different types of words.
However, the benefits of speaking multiple languages extend past just having access to different words, concepts, metaphors, and frames. Multilingualism has __43__. Multilinguals tend to score better on standardized tests, especially in math, reading, and vocabulary. They are better at remembering lists or sequences due to intensive learning of grammatical rules and vocabulary. They are more perceptive to their surroundings and therefore better at focusing on important information while __44__ misleading information.

41. Choose the correct word to fill in blank __41__.

Passage 3:
There’s a certain sinking feeling one gets when thinking of the perfect thing to say just a moment too late. There is no English word to express this feeling, but the French have the term l’esprit de l’escalier for this very phenomenon. The English language also lacks the word to describe the binge eating that follows an emotional blow, but the Germans have kummerspeck to do just that. If we had the Swedish word lagom, the English explanation of Goldilocks’ perfectly temperate soup __40__ a lot more accurate. __41__ English speakers are limited in their choice of words surprises many non-native English speakers. There are many words that English speakers don’t have. Sometimes Anglophones take from other languages, but often, we have to find a way around a specific feeling or emotion that doesn’t have its own word. The reason why we borrow words like savoir faire from French is because that word did not culturally evolve as part of our language. Speaking different languages means you get different frames and metaphors. You’re also learning the culture of the language so you get not only different words, but also different types of words.
However, the benefits of speaking multiple languages extend past just having access to different words, concepts, metaphors, and frames. Multilingualism has __43__. Multilinguals tend to score better on standardized tests, especially in math, reading, and vocabulary. They are better at remembering lists or sequences due to intensive learning of grammatical rules and vocabulary. They are more perceptive to their surroundings and therefore better at focusing on important information while __44__ misleading information.

42. The phrase ‘find a way around’ in the second paragraph means ….

Passage 3:
There’s a certain sinking feeling one gets when thinking of the perfect thing to say just a moment too late. There is no English word to express this feeling, but the French have the term l’esprit de l’escalier for this very phenomenon. The English language also lacks the word to describe the binge eating that follows an emotional blow, but the Germans have kummerspeck to do just that. If we had the Swedish word lagom, the English explanation of Goldilocks’ perfectly temperate soup __40__ a lot more accurate. __41__ English speakers are limited in their choice of words surprises many non-native English speakers. There are many words that English speakers don’t have. Sometimes Anglophones take from other languages, but often, we have to find a way around a specific feeling or emotion that doesn’t have its own word. The reason why we borrow words like savoir faire from French is because that word did not culturally evolve as part of our language. Speaking different languages means you get different frames and metaphors. You’re also learning the culture of the language so you get not only different words, but also different types of words.
However, the benefits of speaking multiple languages extend past just having access to different words, concepts, metaphors, and frames. Multilingualism has __43__. Multilinguals tend to score better on standardized tests, especially in math, reading, and vocabulary. They are better at remembering lists or sequences due to intensive learning of grammatical rules and vocabulary. They are more perceptive to their surroundings and therefore better at focusing on important information while __44__ misleading information.

43. Choose the correct phrase to fill in blank __43__.

Passage 3:
There’s a certain sinking feeling one gets when thinking of the perfect thing to say just a moment too late. There is no English word to express this feeling, but the French have the term l’esprit de l’escalier for this very phenomenon. The English language also lacks the word to describe the binge eating that follows an emotional blow, but the Germans have kummerspeck to do just that. If we had the Swedish word lagom, the English explanation of Goldilocks’ perfectly temperate soup __40__ a lot more accurate. __41__ English speakers are limited in their choice of words surprises many non-native English speakers. There are many words that English speakers don’t have. Sometimes Anglophones take from other languages, but often, we have to find a way around a specific feeling or emotion that doesn’t have its own word. The reason why we borrow words like savoir faire from French is because that word did not culturally evolve as part of our language. Speaking different languages means you get different frames and metaphors. You’re also learning the culture of the language so you get not only different words, but also different types of words.
However, the benefits of speaking multiple languages extend past just having access to different words, concepts, metaphors, and frames. Multilingualism has __43__. Multilinguals tend to score better on standardized tests, especially in math, reading, and vocabulary. They are better at remembering lists or sequences due to intensive learning of grammatical rules and vocabulary. They are more perceptive to their surroundings and therefore better at focusing on important information while __44__ misleading information.

44. Choose the correct phrasal verb to fill in blank __44__.

Passage 3:
There’s a certain sinking feeling one gets when thinking of the perfect thing to say just a moment too late. There is no English word to express this feeling, but the French have the term l’esprit de l’escalier for this very phenomenon. The English language also lacks the word to describe the binge eating that follows an emotional blow, but the Germans have kummerspeck to do just that. If we had the Swedish word lagom, the English explanation of Goldilocks’ perfectly temperate soup __40__ a lot more accurate. __41__ English speakers are limited in their choice of words surprises many non-native English speakers. There are many words that English speakers don’t have. Sometimes Anglophones take from other languages, but often, we have to find a way around a specific feeling or emotion that doesn’t have its own word. The reason why we borrow words like savoir faire from French is because that word did not culturally evolve as part of our language. Speaking different languages means you get different frames and metaphors. You’re also learning the culture of the language so you get not only different words, but also different types of words.
However, the benefits of speaking multiple languages extend past just having access to different words, concepts, metaphors, and frames. Multilingualism has __43__. Multilinguals tend to score better on standardized tests, especially in math, reading, and vocabulary. They are better at remembering lists or sequences due to intensive learning of grammatical rules and vocabulary. They are more perceptive to their surroundings and therefore better at focusing on important information while __44__ misleading information.

45. The sentence ‘Thus, a multilingual education is a worthwhile investment of time.’ should be ….