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Sunspots are temporary phenomena on the photosphere of the sun that appear visibly as dark spots compared to surrounding regions. They are caused by intense magnetic activity, which inhibits convection by an effect comparable to the eddy current brake, forming areas of reduced surface temperature. Like magnets, they also have two poles. Although they are at temperatures of roughly 3000–4500 K (2727–4227 °C), the contrast with the surrounding material at about 5,780 K leaves them clearly visible as dark spots, as the luminous intensity of a heated black body (closely approximated by the photosphere) is a function of temperature to the fourth power. If the sunspot were isolated from the surrounding photosphere it would be brighter than an electric arc. Sunspots expand and contract as they move across the surface of the sun and can be as large as 80,000 kilometers in diameter, making the larger ones visible from earth without the aid of a telescope. They may also travel at relative speeds (“proper motions”) of a few hundred m/s when they first emerge onto the solar photosphere. Although the details of sunspot generation are still a matter of research, it appears that sunspots are the visible counterparts of magnetic flux tubes in the sun’s convective zone that get “wound up” by differential rotation. If the stress on the tubes reaches a certain limit, they curl up like a rubber band and puncture the Sun’s surface. Convection is inhibited at the puncture points; the energy flux from the Sun’s interior decreases; and with it surface temperature.

81. Which of the following is the best title of the passage?

Sunspots are temporary phenomena on the photosphere of the sun that appear visibly as dark spots compared to surrounding regions. They are caused by intense magnetic activity, which inhibits convection by an effect comparable to the eddy current brake, forming areas of reduced surface temperature. Like magnets, they also have two poles. Although they are at temperatures of roughly 3000–4500 K (2727–4227 °C), the contrast with the surrounding material at about 5,780 K leaves them clearly visible as dark spots, as the luminous intensity of a heated black body (closely approximated by the photosphere) is a function of temperature to the fourth power. If the sunspot were isolated from the surrounding photosphere it would be brighter than an electric arc. Sunspots expand and contract as they move across the surface of the sun and can be as large as 80,000 kilometers in diameter, making the larger ones visible from earth without the aid of a telescope. They may also travel at relative speeds (“proper motions”) of a few hundred m/s when they first emerge onto the solar photosphere. Although the details of sunspot generation are still a matter of research, it appears that sunspots are the visible counterparts of magnetic flux tubes in the sun’s convective zone that get “wound up” by differential rotation. If the stress on the tubes reaches a certain limit, they curl up like a rubber band and puncture the Sun’s surface. Convection is inhibited at the puncture points; the energy flux from the Sun’s interior decreases; and with it surface temperature.

82. What is the closest meaning of the word “eddy” in line 3?

Sunspots are temporary phenomena on the photosphere of the sun that appear visibly as dark spots compared to surrounding regions. They are caused by intense magnetic activity, which inhibits convection by an effect comparable to the eddy current brake, forming areas of reduced surface temperature. Like magnets, they also have two poles. Although they are at temperatures of roughly 3000–4500 K (2727–4227 °C), the contrast with the surrounding material at about 5,780 K leaves them clearly visible as dark spots, as the luminous intensity of a heated black body (closely approximated by the photosphere) is a function of temperature to the fourth power. If the sunspot were isolated from the surrounding photosphere it would be brighter than an electric arc. Sunspots expand and contract as they move across the surface of the sun and can be as large as 80,000 kilometers in diameter, making the larger ones visible from earth without the aid of a telescope. They may also travel at relative speeds (“proper motions”) of a few hundred m/s when they first emerge onto the solar photosphere. Although the details of sunspot generation are still a matter of research, it appears that sunspots are the visible counterparts of magnetic flux tubes in the sun’s convective zone that get “wound up” by differential rotation. If the stress on the tubes reaches a certain limit, they curl up like a rubber band and puncture the Sun’s surface. Convection is inhibited at the puncture points; the energy flux from the Sun’s interior decreases; and with it surface temperature.

83. In what course is the passage most probably given?

Sunspots are temporary phenomena on the photosphere of the sun that appear visibly as dark spots compared to surrounding regions. They are caused by intense magnetic activity, which inhibits convection by an effect comparable to the eddy current brake, forming areas of reduced surface temperature. Like magnets, they also have two poles. Although they are at temperatures of roughly 3000–4500 K (2727–4227 °C), the contrast with the surrounding material at about 5,780 K leaves them clearly visible as dark spots, as the luminous intensity of a heated black body (closely approximated by the photosphere) is a function of temperature to the fourth power. If the sunspot were isolated from the surrounding photosphere it would be brighter than an electric arc. Sunspots expand and contract as they move across the surface of the sun and can be as large as 80,000 kilometers in diameter, making the larger ones visible from earth without the aid of a telescope. They may also travel at relative speeds (“proper motions”) of a few hundred m/s when they first emerge onto the solar photosphere. Although the details of sunspot generation are still a matter of research, it appears that sunspots are the visible counterparts of magnetic flux tubes in the sun’s convective zone that get “wound up” by differential rotation. If the stress on the tubes reaches a certain limit, they curl up like a rubber band and puncture the Sun’s surface. Convection is inhibited at the puncture points; the energy flux from the Sun’s interior decreases; and with it surface temperature.

84. The word “emerge” in line 13 is closest in meaning to …

Sunspots are temporary phenomena on the photosphere of the sun that appear visibly as dark spots compared to surrounding regions. They are caused by intense magnetic activity, which inhibits convection by an effect comparable to the eddy current brake, forming areas of reduced surface temperature. Like magnets, they also have two poles. Although they are at temperatures of roughly 3000–4500 K (2727–4227 °C), the contrast with the surrounding material at about 5,780 K leaves them clearly visible as dark spots, as the luminous intensity of a heated black body (closely approximated by the photosphere) is a function of temperature to the fourth power. If the sunspot were isolated from the surrounding photosphere it would be brighter than an electric arc. Sunspots expand and contract as they move across the surface of the sun and can be as large as 80,000 kilometers in diameter, making the larger ones visible from earth without the aid of a telescope. They may also travel at relative speeds (“proper motions”) of a few hundred m/s when they first emerge onto the solar photosphere. Although the details of sunspot generation are still a matter of research, it appears that sunspots are the visible counterparts of magnetic flux tubes in the sun’s convective zone that get “wound up” by differential rotation. If the stress on the tubes reaches a certain limit, they curl up like a rubber band and puncture the Sun’s surface. Convection is inhibited at the puncture points; the energy flux from the Sun’s interior decreases; and with it surface temperature.

85. Which of the following is NOT true according to the passage?

Seed viability is the ability of the embryo to germinate – a process in which a seed embryo develops into a seedling – and is affected by a number of different conditions. Some plants do not produce seeds that have functional complete embryos or the seed may have no embryo at all, often called empty seeds. Predators and pathogens can damage or kill the seed while it is still in the fruit or after it is dispersed. Environmental conditions like flooding or heat can kill the seed before or during germination. The age of the seed affects its health and germination ability: since the seed has a living embryo, over time cells die and cannot be replaced. Some seeds can live for a long time before germination, while others can only survive for a short period after dispersal before they die. Germination percentages and rates are affected by seed viability, dormancy and environmental effects that impact on the seed and seedling. In agriculture and horticulture quality seeds have high viability, measured by germination percentage plus the rate of germination. This is given as a percent of germination over a certain amount of time, 90% germination in 20 days, for example. “Dormancy” is covered above; many plants produce seeds with varying degrees of dormancy, and different seeds from the same fruit can have different degrees of dormancy. It is possible to have seeds with no dormancy if they are dispersed right away and do not dry (if the seeds dry they go into physiological dormancy). There is great variation amongst plants and a dormant seed is still a viable seed even though the germination rate might be very low. Environmental conditions effecting seed germination include; water, oxygen, temperature and light.

86. What is the main point of the passage?

Seed viability is the ability of the embryo to germinate – a process in which a seed embryo develops into a seedling – and is affected by a number of different conditions. Some plants do not produce seeds that have functional complete embryos or the seed may have no embryo at all, often called empty seeds. Predators and pathogens can damage or kill the seed while it is still in the fruit or after it is dispersed. Environmental conditions like flooding or heat can kill the seed before or during germination. The age of the seed affects its health and germination ability: since the seed has a living embryo, over time cells die and cannot be replaced. Some seeds can live for a long time before germination, while others can only survive for a short period after dispersal before they die. Germination percentages and rates are affected by seed viability, dormancy and environmental effects that impact on the seed and seedling. In agriculture and horticulture quality seeds have high viability, measured by germination percentage plus the rate of germination. This is given as a percent of germination over a certain amount of time, 90% germination in 20 days, for example. “Dormancy” is covered above; many plants produce seeds with varying degrees of dormancy, and different seeds from the same fruit can have different degrees of dormancy. It is possible to have seeds with no dormancy if they are dispersed right away and do not dry (if the seeds dry they go into physiological dormancy). There is great variation amongst plants and a dormant seed is still a viable seed even though the germination rate might be very low. Environmental conditions effecting seed germination include; water, oxygen, temperature and light.

87. Which of the following probably the subject of the following paragraph?

Seed viability is the ability of the embryo to germinate – a process in which a seed embryo develops into a seedling – and is affected by a number of different conditions. Some plants do not produce seeds that have functional complete embryos or the seed may have no embryo at all, often called empty seeds. Predators and pathogens can damage or kill the seed while it is still in the fruit or after it is dispersed. Environmental conditions like flooding or heat can kill the seed before or during germination. The age of the seed affects its health and germination ability: since the seed has a living embryo, over time cells die and cannot be replaced. Some seeds can live for a long time before germination, while others can only survive for a short period after dispersal before they die. Germination percentages and rates are affected by seed viability, dormancy and environmental effects that impact on the seed and seedling. In agriculture and horticulture quality seeds have high viability, measured by germination percentage plus the rate of germination. This is given as a percent of germination over a certain amount of time, 90% germination in 20 days, for example. “Dormancy” is covered above; many plants produce seeds with varying degrees of dormancy, and different seeds from the same fruit can have different degrees of dormancy. It is possible to have seeds with no dormancy if they are dispersed right away and do not dry (if the seeds dry they go into physiological dormancy). There is great variation amongst plants and a dormant seed is still a viable seed even though the germination rate might be very low. Environmental conditions effecting seed germination include; water, oxygen, temperature and light.

88. What course is the passage most probably given?

Seed viability is the ability of the embryo to germinate – a process in which a seed embryo develops into a seedling – and is affected by a number of different conditions. Some plants do not produce seeds that have functional complete embryos or the seed may have no embryo at all, often called empty seeds. Predators and pathogens can damage or kill the seed while it is still in the fruit or after it is dispersed. Environmental conditions like flooding or heat can kill the seed before or during germination. The age of the seed affects its health and germination ability: since the seed has a living embryo, over time cells die and cannot be replaced. Some seeds can live for a long time before germination, while others can only survive for a short period after dispersal before they die. Germination percentages and rates are affected by seed viability, dormancy and environmental effects that impact on the seed and seedling. In agriculture and horticulture quality seeds have high viability, measured by germination percentage plus the rate of germination. This is given as a percent of germination over a certain amount of time, 90% germination in 20 days, for example. “Dormancy” is covered above; many plants produce seeds with varying degrees of dormancy, and different seeds from the same fruit can have different degrees of dormancy. It is possible to have seeds with no dormancy if they are dispersed right away and do not dry (if the seeds dry they go into physiological dormancy). There is great variation amongst plants and a dormant seed is still a viable seed even though the germination rate might be very low. Environmental conditions effecting seed germination include; water, oxygen, temperature and light.

89. The word “dispersed” in line 6 could be replaced by …

Seed viability is the ability of the embryo to germinate – a process in which a seed embryo develops into a seedling – and is affected by a number of different conditions. Some plants do not produce seeds that have functional complete embryos or the seed may have no embryo at all, often called empty seeds. Predators and pathogens can damage or kill the seed while it is still in the fruit or after it is dispersed. Environmental conditions like flooding or heat can kill the seed before or during germination. The age of the seed affects its health and germination ability: since the seed has a living embryo, over time cells die and cannot be replaced. Some seeds can live for a long time before germination, while others can only survive for a short period after dispersal before they die. Germination percentages and rates are affected by seed viability, dormancy and environmental effects that impact on the seed and seedling. In agriculture and horticulture quality seeds have high viability, measured by germination percentage plus the rate of germination. This is given as a percent of germination over a certain amount of time, 90% germination in 20 days, for example. “Dormancy” is covered above; many plants produce seeds with varying degrees of dormancy, and different seeds from the same fruit can have different degrees of dormancy. It is possible to have seeds with no dormancy if they are dispersed right away and do not dry (if the seeds dry they go into physiological dormancy). There is great variation amongst plants and a dormant seed is still a viable seed even though the germination rate might be very low. Environmental conditions effecting seed germination include; water, oxygen, temperature and light.

90. The word “viable” in line 19 is closest in meaning to …

Sambalpuri sari fabrics reflect …(91)… original style of craft known as Baandha. …(92)…, craftsmen created Baandhas with images of flora or fauna or with geometrical patterns. More recently, new types of Baandha …(93)… portrait, landscape and flower pods are being designed. Baandha fabric is created using a tie-dye technique. The yarns …(94)… according to the …(95)… patterns to prevent absorption of dyes, and then dyed. The yarns or set of yarns so produced is called ‘Baandha’. The unique feature of this form of designing is that the designs are reflected almost identically on both side of the fabric.

91. Choose the correct answer for blank (91).

Sambalpuri sari fabrics reflect …(91)… original style of craft known as Baandha. …(92)…, craftsmen created Baandhas with images of flora or fauna or with geometrical patterns. More recently, new types of Baandha …(93)… portrait, landscape and flower pods are being designed. Baandha fabric is created using a tie-dye technique. The yarns …(94)… according to the …(95)… patterns to prevent absorption of dyes, and then dyed. The yarns or set of yarns so produced is called ‘Baandha’. The unique feature of this form of designing is that the designs are reflected almost identically on both side of the fabric.

92. Choose the correct answer for blank (92).

Sambalpuri sari fabrics reflect …(91)… original style of craft known as Baandha. …(92)…, craftsmen created Baandhas with images of flora or fauna or with geometrical patterns. More recently, new types of Baandha …(93)… portrait, landscape and flower pods are being designed. Baandha fabric is created using a tie-dye technique. The yarns …(94)… according to the …(95)… patterns to prevent absorption of dyes, and then dyed. The yarns or set of yarns so produced is called ‘Baandha’. The unique feature of this form of designing is that the designs are reflected almost identically on both side of the fabric.

93. Choose the correct answer for blank (93).

Sambalpuri sari fabrics reflect …(91)… original style of craft known as Baandha. …(92)…, craftsmen created Baandhas with images of flora or fauna or with geometrical patterns. More recently, new types of Baandha …(93)… portrait, landscape and flower pods are being designed. Baandha fabric is created using a tie-dye technique. The yarns …(94)… according to the …(95)… patterns to prevent absorption of dyes, and then dyed. The yarns or set of yarns so produced is called ‘Baandha’. The unique feature of this form of designing is that the designs are reflected almost identically on both side of the fabric.

94. Choose the correct answer for blank (94).

Sambalpuri sari fabrics reflect …(91)… original style of craft known as Baandha. …(92)…, craftsmen created Baandhas with images of flora or fauna or with geometrical patterns. More recently, new types of Baandha …(93)… portrait, landscape and flower pods are being designed. Baandha fabric is created using a tie-dye technique. The yarns …(94)… according to the …(95)… patterns to prevent absorption of dyes, and then dyed. The yarns or set of yarns so produced is called ‘Baandha’. The unique feature of this form of designing is that the designs are reflected almost identically on both side of the fabric.

95. Choose the correct answer for blank (95).

_____________. So far we have been concerned primarily with positive economic theories. Such “scientific” theories take the real world as an object to be studied, attempting to explain those economic phenomena that are observed. Positive economics seeks to determine how resources are in fact allocated in an economy. A somewhat different use of economic theory is normative, taking a definite stance about what should be done. Under the heading of normative analysis, economists have a great deal to say about how resources should be allocated. For example, an economist engaged in positive analysis might investigate why and how the American health care industry uses the quantities of capital, labor, and land that are currently devoted to providing medical services. The economist might also choose to measure the costs and benefits of devoting even more resources to health care. But when economists advocate that more resources should be allocated to health, they have implicitly moved into normative analysis.

1. This paragraph should begin with _____

_____________. So far we have been concerned primarily with positive economic theories. Such “scientific” theories take the real world as an object to be studied, attempting to explain those economic phenomena that are observed. Positive economics seeks to determine how resources are in fact allocated in an economy. A somewhat different use of economic theory is normative, taking a definite stance about what should be done. Under the heading of normative analysis, economists have a great deal to say about how resources should be allocated. For example, an economist engaged in positive analysis might investigate why and how the American health care industry uses the quantities of capital, labor, and land that are currently devoted to providing medical services. The economist might also choose to measure the costs and benefits of devoting even more resources to health care. But when economists advocate that more resources should be allocated to health, they have implicitly moved into normative analysis.

2. From the passage, we can conclude that _____.

Refugees are obviously not a new phenomenon. It has been said that Adam and Eve share the dubious honor of being the first refugees. In biblical times the Hebrews, to escape from slavery under the pharaos, fled from Egypt in one of the first recorded collective migrations. Throughout history, wars, invasions, and religious and political persecutions have left a trail of refugees and a concomitant acceptance of the right in churches, mosques, and other holy places. The 17th century Dutch jurist Hugo Grotius, himself a refugee, declared that “permanent residence ought not to be denied to foreigners who, expelled from their homes, are seeking a refuge, provided that they submit themselves to the established government and observe any regulations which are necessary to avoid strifes.” However, until the 20th century, there were no international agreements covering the right of asylum. Only in a few instances appropriate national legislation was enacted.

3. The topic of this paragraph is ____.

Refugees are obviously not a new phenomenon. It has been said that Adam and Eve share the dubious honor of being the first refugees. In biblical times the Hebrews, to escape from slavery under the pharaos, fled from Egypt in one of the first recorded collective migrations. Throughout history, wars, invasions, and religious and political persecutions have left a trail of refugees and a concomitant acceptance of the right in churches, mosques, and other holy places. The 17th century Dutch jurist Hugo Grotius, himself a refugee, declared that “permanent residence ought not to be denied to foreigners who, expelled from their homes, are seeking a refuge, provided that they submit themselves to the established government and observe any regulations which are necessary to avoid strifes.” However, until the 20th century, there were no international agreements covering the right of asylum. Only in a few instances appropriate national legislation was enacted.

4. The paragraph following the passage most likely discusses _____.

The real reasons why bombs were dropped on two heavily-populated cities, Hiroshima and Nagasaki, are not altogether clear. A number of people in 1944 and early 1945 argued that the use of nuclear weapons would be unnecessary, since American Intelligence was aware that some of the most powerful and influential people in Japan had already realized that the war was lost, and wanted to negotiate a Japanese surrender. It was also argued that, since Japan has few natural resources, a blockade by the American navy would force it to surrender within a few weeks, and the use of nuclear weapons would thus prove unnecessary. If a demonstration of force was required to end the war, a bomb could be dropped over an unpopulated area like a desert, in front of Japanese observers, or over an area of low population inside Japan, such as a forest. Opting for this course of action might minimize the loss of further lives on all sides, while the power of nuclear weapons would still be adequately demonstrated.

5. The topic of the passage is ____.

The real reasons why bombs were dropped on two heavily-populated cities, Hiroshima and Nagasaki, are not altogether clear. A number of people in 1944 and early 1945 argued that the use of nuclear weapons would be unnecessary, since American Intelligence was aware that some of the most powerful and influential people in Japan had already realized that the war was lost, and wanted to negotiate a Japanese surrender. It was also argued that, since Japan has few natural resources, a blockade by the American navy would force it to surrender within a few weeks, and the use of nuclear weapons would thus prove unnecessary. If a demonstration of force was required to end the war, a bomb could be dropped over an unpopulated area like a desert, in front of Japanese observers, or over an area of low population inside Japan, such as a forest. Opting for this course of action might minimize the loss of further lives on all sides, while the power of nuclear weapons would still be adequately demonstrated.

6. The preceding paragraph discusses ________.

__________. Scientists are now able to create new forms of life in the laboratory because of the development of gene splicing – the joining of genes. On the one hand, the ability to create life in the laboratory could greatly benefit humankind. One beneficial application of gene splicing is in agriculture. For example, researchers have engineered a more nutritious type of rice that could help alleviate the serious problem of vitamin A deficiency. It is estimated that 124 million children worldwide lack vitamin A, putting them at risk of permanent blindness and other health issues. However, not everyone is positive about gene-splicing technology. Some people feel that it could have terrible consequences. In fact a type of corn engineered to kill a certain insect pest also threatened to wipe out desirable monarch butterflies. In another accident, a genetically engineered type of corn that was approved only for animal consumption because it was toxic to humans accidentally cross-pollinated with corn grown for humans. As a result many countries banned imports of genetically modified corn for several years.

7. Which of the following sentences should begin the paragraph?

__________. Scientists are now able to create new forms of life in the laboratory because of the development of gene splicing – the joining of genes. On the one hand, the ability to create life in the laboratory could greatly benefit humankind. One beneficial application of gene splicing is in agriculture. For example, researchers have engineered a more nutritious type of rice that could help alleviate the serious problem of vitamin A deficiency. It is estimated that 124 million children worldwide lack vitamin A, putting them at risk of permanent blindness and other health issues. However, not everyone is positive about gene-splicing technology. Some people feel that it could have terrible consequences. In fact a type of corn engineered to kill a certain insect pest also threatened to wipe out desirable monarch butterflies. In another accident, a genetically engineered type of corn that was approved only for animal consumption because it was toxic to humans accidentally cross-pollinated with corn grown for humans. As a result many countries banned imports of genetically modified corn for several years.

8. This paragraph may be followed by a paragraph that discusses ____.

The modern mummification process differs from the technique followed by the Egyptians. Embalming dead bodies requires knowledge in different disciplines like pathology, chemistry, anatomy, microbiology and chemistry. A sound knowledge and expertise are needed in advanced fields of cosmetology and restorative art since the procedure demands both time and skills. The embalmer is supposed to follow the standard guidelines on the deceased. The body needs to be properly prepared prior to the embalming process and then the surgical techniques are applied. The process primarily aims at disinfecting the body and then preserving it. Sometimes, families prefer to restore the dead for a certain period in order to pacify their grief and then perform the funeral accordingly. The process of embalming involves preparation of the body, removal of organs, washing, disinfecting, dressing and then casketing. This mummification process requires a couple of days for successful completion. The West has partaken this body preservation method from the Egyptians. Although the techniques are improvised, the motive remains the same.

9. What is the topic of the paragraph?

The modern mummification process differs from the technique followed by the Egyptians. Embalming dead bodies requires knowledge in different disciplines like pathology, chemistry, anatomy, microbiology and chemistry. A sound knowledge and expertise are needed in advanced fields of cosmetology and restorative art since the procedure demands both time and skills. The embalmer is supposed to follow the standard guidelines on the deceased. The body needs to be properly prepared prior to the embalming process and then the surgical techniques are applied. The process primarily aims at disinfecting the body and then preserving it. Sometimes, families prefer to restore the dead for a certain period in order to pacify their grief and then perform the funeral accordingly. The process of embalming involves preparation of the body, removal of organs, washing, disinfecting, dressing and then casketing. This mummification process requires a couple of days for successful completion. The West has partaken this body preservation method from the Egyptians. Although the techniques are improvised, the motive remains the same.

10. What does the following paragraph most likely discuss?

1. Lambang sila pertama Pancasila ‘Ketuhanan Yang Maha Esa’ pada perisai Garuda adalah…

2. Pancasila resmi ditetapkan sebagai dasar negara pada tanggal 18 Agustus 1945 oleh…

3. Sila ‘Kemanusiaan yang Adil dan Beradab’ dilambangkan dengan rantai emas. Rantai bermata bulat melambangkan…

4. Rumusan Pancasila yang sah dan konstitusional tercantum dalam…

5. Tokoh yang pertama mengusulkan nama ‘Pancasila’ sebagai dasar negara dalam sidang BPUPKI adalah…

6. Pengamalan sila ketiga Pancasila ‘Persatuan Indonesia’ dalam kehidupan sehari-hari adalah…

7. Contoh perilaku yang mencerminkan nilai sila keempat Pancasila adalah…

8. Makna semboyan ‘Bhinneka Tunggal Ika’ yang tertera pada Garuda Pancasila adalah…

9. Pancasila sebagai ‘ideologi terbuka’ artinya nilai-nilai Pancasila dapat…

10. Garuda Pancasila memiliki 17 helai bulu sayap, 8 bulu ekor, dan 45 bulu leher. Angka-angka ini melambangkan…

11. Nilai keadilan sosial dalam sila kelima Pancasila tercermin dalam program pemerintah berupa…

12. Pancasila disebut sebagai ‘kepribadian bangsa’ karena nilai-nilainya merupakan…

13. Ketua Panitia Sembilan yang merumuskan Piagam Jakarta pada 22 Juni 1945 adalah…

14. Contoh pengamalan sila pertama Pancasila dalam kehidupan kampus adalah…

15. Menurut Pancasila, kebebasan seseorang dalam menjalankan haknya dibatasi oleh…

16. Organisasi pergerakan nasional modern pertama Indonesia yang didirikan pada 20 Mei 1908 adalah…

17. Sumpah Pemuda yang diikrarkan 28 Oktober 1928 menegaskan tiga hal. Salah satunya adalah pengakuan bahasa persatuan yaitu…

18. Proklamasi Kemerdekaan Indonesia pada 17 Agustus 1945 dibacakan di…

19. Tujuan para pemuda membawa Soekarno-Hatta ke Rengasdengklok pada 16 Agustus 1945 adalah…

20. Pahlawan nasional yang dikenal sebagai ‘Bapak Pendidikan Nasional’ Indonesia adalah…

21. Lagu kebangsaan Indonesia Raya pertama kali dikumandangkan pada…

22. Pertempuran 10 November 1945 di Surabaya yang kini diperingati sebagai Hari Pahlawan dipimpin oleh…

23. Konferensi Asia-Afrika yang berlangsung di Bandung pada April 1955 dihadiri oleh negara-negara…

24. Sistem Tanam Paksa (Cultuurstelsel) yang diterapkan Belanda tahun 1830 dicetuskan oleh…

25. PPKI mengesahkan UUD 1945 dan memilih presiden-wakil presiden pertama RI pada tanggal…

26. Perang Diponegoro (1825-1830) yang merupakan perlawanan besar terhadap Belanda berlangsung di wilayah…

27. Era Reformasi Indonesia dimulai setelah Presiden Soeharto mengundurkan diri pada tanggal…

28. Operasi Trikora yang dilancarkan Soekarno bertujuan merebut kembali…

29. Dekrit Presiden 5 Juli 1959 menyatakan bahwa Indonesia kembali menggunakan…

30. Perjuangan R.A. Kartini bagi perempuan Indonesia difokuskan pada bidang…

31. Pemilihan presiden secara langsung oleh rakyat pertama kali dilaksanakan di Indonesia pada tahun…

32. Lembaga negara yang berwenang melakukan uji materi undang-undang terhadap UUD 1945 adalah…

33. Hak memperoleh pendidikan bagi setiap warga negara Indonesia dijamin dalam UUD 1945 Pasal…

34. Dalam sistem presidensial Indonesia, menteri-menteri bertanggung jawab kepada…

35. Asas ius soli berarti seseorang mendapatkan kewarganegaraan berdasarkan…

36. Komisi Pemilihan Umum (KPU) sebagai penyelenggara pemilu bersifat…

37. Hak Asasi Manusia bersifat universal, artinya HAM berlaku untuk…

38. Prinsip pemisahan kekuasaan menjadi eksekutif, legislatif, dan yudikatif disebut konsep…

39. Badan Pemeriksa Keuangan (BPK) memiliki tugas utama untuk…

40. Seseorang dapat kehilangan kewarganegaraan Indonesia apabila secara sukarela…

41. Dalam hierarki peraturan perundang-undangan, peraturan yang berada tepat di bawah UUD 1945 adalah…

42. Otonomi daerah di Indonesia bertujuan untuk…

43. Lembaga negara yang bertugas mengawasi perilaku dan etika hakim di Indonesia adalah…

44. Presiden dan wakil presiden RI memegang jabatan selama lima tahun dan dapat dipilih kembali maksimal…

45. Negara Indonesia menganut sistem pemerintahan presidensial. Ciri utama sistem ini adalah…

46. Landasan hukum kewajiban bela negara bagi setiap warga negara Indonesia terdapat dalam UUD 1945…

47. Salah satu contoh nyata bela negara di bidang ekonomi yang dapat dilakukan mahasiswa adalah…

48. Lima nilai dasar bela negara meliputi cinta tanah air, sadar berbangsa, yakin Pancasila, rela berkorban, dan…

49. Dalam sistem pertahanan Indonesia, Tentara Nasional Indonesia (TNI) berperan sebagai komponen…

50. Wawasan Nusantara berfungsi sebagai panduan bagi bangsa Indonesia untuk…

51. Ancaman nirmiliter terhadap NKRI yang paling sering dijumpai mahasiswa di era digital adalah…

52. Korupsi dianggap sebagai ancaman ketahanan nasional karena dampak langsungnya adalah…

53. Tindakan yang tepat saat menemukan konten provokatif bernuansa SARA di media sosial adalah…

54. Ketahanan nasional Indonesia dalam bidang ideologi diukur dari sejauh mana masyarakat…

55. Kewajiban bela negara bagi warga sipil dapat diwujudkan dalam bentuk paling sederhana yaitu…

56. Program bela negara di perguruan tinggi bertujuan membentuk mahasiswa yang berkarakter…

57. Seorang mahasiswa memposting berita bohong tentang konflik antarsuku. Tindakan itu dapat dikategorikan sebagai…

58. UPN Veteran Yogyakarta sebagai kampus bela negara mengharapkan sivitas akademika untuk…

59. Deradikalisasi adalah program pemerintah untuk mencegah paham radikal. Cara yang dilakukan adalah…

60. Pertahanan negara Indonesia bersifat semesta, artinya pertahanan melibatkan…

61. Indonesia is a large archipelago country in Southeast Asia. It has more than 17,000 islands and a population of over 270 million people. Indonesia is rich in culture, nature, and traditions. The country declared independence on August 17, 1945. Jakarta is the current capital city, but the government plans to move the capital to Nusantara in East Kalimantan.

What is the text mainly about?

62. Indonesia is a large archipelago country in Southeast Asia. It has more than 17,000 islands and a population of over 270 million people. Indonesia is rich in culture, nature, and traditions. The country declared independence on August 17, 1945. Jakarta is the current capital city, but the government plans to move the capital to Nusantara in East Kalimantan.

According to the text, how many islands does Indonesia have?

63. Indonesia is a large archipelago country in Southeast Asia. It has more than 17,000 islands and a population of over 270 million people. Indonesia is rich in culture, nature, and traditions. The country declared independence on August 17, 1945. Jakarta is the current capital city, but the government plans to move the capital to Nusantara in East Kalimantan.

When did Indonesia declare its independence?

64. Indonesia is a large archipelago country in Southeast Asia. It has more than 17,000 islands and a population of over 270 million people. Indonesia is rich in culture, nature, and traditions. The country declared independence on August 17, 1945. Jakarta is the current capital city, but the government plans to move the capital to Nusantara in East Kalimantan.

Where is the new Indonesian capital city, Nusantara, located?

65. Indonesia is a large archipelago country in Southeast Asia. It has more than 17,000 islands and a population of over 270 million people. Indonesia is rich in culture, nature, and traditions. The country declared independence on August 17, 1945. Jakarta is the current capital city, but the government plans to move the capital to Nusantara in East Kalimantan.

The word ‘declared’ in the text is closest in meaning to…

66. Rini membeli buku seharga Rp40.000,00 dan mendapat diskon 20%. Harga yang harus dibayar Rini adalah…

67. Seorang pedagang membeli barang Rp50.000,00 dan dijual Rp60.000,00. Persentase keuntungannya adalah…

68. Perbandingan peserta laki-laki dan perempuan dalam kegiatan bela negara adalah 3:2. Jika total peserta 120 orang, jumlah peserta perempuan adalah…

69. Sebuah toko memberi diskon 10% untuk pembelian di atas Rp100.000,00. Andi membeli barang Rp150.000,00. Yang harus dibayar Andi adalah…

70. Harga jaket Rp200.000,00. Harga naik 15%. Harga jaket sekarang menjadi…

71. Literasi digital adalah kemampuan menggunakan teknologi secara cerdas dan bertanggung jawab. Masyarakat kini dibanjiri informasi dari berbagai platform digital. Tidak semua informasi tersebut akurat dan dapat dipercaya. Kemampuan memilah dan memverifikasi informasi sebelum menyebarkannya menjadi sangat penting. Masyarakat yang melek literasi digital tidak mudah terpengaruh oleh hoaks yang dapat memecah belah persatuan bangsa.

Gagasan pokok paragraf di atas adalah…

72. Literasi digital adalah kemampuan menggunakan teknologi secara cerdas dan bertanggung jawab. Masyarakat kini dibanjiri informasi dari berbagai platform digital. Tidak semua informasi tersebut akurat dan dapat dipercaya. Kemampuan memilah dan memverifikasi informasi sebelum menyebarkannya menjadi sangat penting. Masyarakat yang melek literasi digital tidak mudah terpengaruh oleh hoaks yang dapat memecah belah persatuan bangsa.

Menurut teks, mengapa kemampuan memverifikasi informasi sangat penting?

73. Literasi digital adalah kemampuan menggunakan teknologi secara cerdas dan bertanggung jawab. Masyarakat kini dibanjiri informasi dari berbagai platform digital. Tidak semua informasi tersebut akurat dan dapat dipercaya. Kemampuan memilah dan memverifikasi informasi sebelum menyebarkannya menjadi sangat penting. Masyarakat yang melek literasi digital tidak mudah terpengaruh oleh hoaks yang dapat memecah belah persatuan bangsa.

Kata ‘melek’ dalam kalimat terakhir teks memiliki makna…

74. Literasi digital adalah kemampuan menggunakan teknologi secara cerdas dan bertanggung jawab. Masyarakat kini dibanjiri informasi dari berbagai platform digital. Tidak semua informasi tersebut akurat dan dapat dipercaya. Kemampuan memilah dan memverifikasi informasi sebelum menyebarkannya menjadi sangat penting. Masyarakat yang melek literasi digital tidak mudah terpengaruh oleh hoaks yang dapat memecah belah persatuan bangsa.

Dampak negatif hoaks menurut teks adalah…

75. Literasi digital adalah kemampuan menggunakan teknologi secara cerdas dan bertanggung jawab. Masyarakat kini dibanjiri informasi dari berbagai platform digital. Tidak semua informasi tersebut akurat dan dapat dipercaya. Kemampuan memilah dan memverifikasi informasi sebelum menyebarkannya menjadi sangat penting. Masyarakat yang melek literasi digital tidak mudah terpengaruh oleh hoaks yang dapat memecah belah persatuan bangsa.

Judul yang paling tepat untuk teks di atas adalah…

15. Yuni: Hi, Lisa. I wish the earthquake had not hurt your family at all.
Lisa: Thanks, God, not a little bit. Luckily we all could escape, except for my neighbour who broke his leg.
Yuni: Oh …!

14. Abas: Did you paint the wall yourself?
Boby: I got Amir to paint it.

From the dialogue we know that ….

13. Nina: All lights are off. There is something wrong in the fuse. Can you help me?
Dudi: I wish I knew about electricity.

The underlined sentence means that Budi … about electricity.

12. Man: I really made a mistake
Woman: What about?
Man: I have broken your pen
Woman: That pen? Oh no!
Man: …

11. Man: This traffic jam is terrible. I can’t even move my car any inch.
Woman: Remember, we have an English examination in the next an hour.
Man: …

10. I did not know that he came to my house yesterday, you ___ me about it.

9. “Does his mother know that he had an accident last night?”
“I don’t think so. His mother lives in a different city. We _____ as soon as we knew it.”

8. The members of our big family would rather he _____ his daughter’s birthday party in the bigger hall next week.

7. Ridho: I accidentally broke Dity’s glasses. I don’t know what to do.
Marty: If I were you, I ………… tell her. Even though I know she’d be angry.

6. Alice: I’ve got terrible toothache.
Ayu: You …….. go to the dentist.

5. Mr. Beny … Mathematics for about 10 minutes when one of his students knocked the door.

4. I can lend you the book next week because by the time I ______ reading it.

3. The police … for the robber for two years before they caught him.

2. “When do you plan to get married?”
“After … school.”

1. In spite of …. large size, our cameras do not take very good pictures.

1. Perhatikan pola kombinasi huruf berikut: AZ, BY, CX, DW. Pasangan huruf berikutnya dalam pola tersebut adalah …

2. Perhatikan deret berikut ini: A, B, C, E, F, G, I, J, K, … Huruf apakah yang paling tepat untuk melanjutkan deret tersebut?

3. Perhatikan pola huruf berikut: A, D, C, F, E, H, G, … Huruf apakah yang paling tepat untuk melanjutkan deret tersebut?

4. Berdasarkan pola huruf berikut ini: Z, X, U, Q, L, …

5. Perhatikan premis-premis berikut:
(1) Semua jenis tanaman hias di toko Bunga Indah dirawat dengan pupuk khusus.
(2) Tidak ada tanaman yang tumbuh di tanah tandus yang dirawat dengan pupuk khusus.

Kesimpulan manakah yang secara logis dapat ditarik dari premis-premis di atas?

6. Perhatikan premis-premis berikut:
(1) Semua siswa yang mengikuti program akselerasi memiliki jadwal belajar yang padat.
(2) Tidak ada siswa yang memiliki banyak kegiatan ekstrakurikuler yang memiliki jadwal yang padat.

Kesimpulan manakah yang secara logis dapat ditarik dari premis-premis di atas?

7. Perhatikan premis-premis berikut:
(1) Semua buku di rak referensi adalah buku yang berisi informasi faktual.
(2) Tidak ada buku fiksi yang berisi informasi faktual.

Kesimpulan manakah yang secara logis dapat ditarik dari premis-premis di atas?

8. Perhatikan premis-premis berikut:
(1) Semua peserta kompetisi menyanyi yang memiliki teknik vokal mumpuni akan lolos ke babak final.
(2) Tidak ada peserta yang sering tidak hadir latihan yang lolos ke babak final.

Kesimpulan manakah yang secara logis dapat ditarik dari premis-premis di atas?

9. Perhatikan premis-premis berikut:
(1) Semua hewan di peternakan Pak Jaya diberi pakan organik.
(2) Tidak ada hewan yang menderita penyakit kronis yang diberi pakan organik.

Kesimpulan manakah yang secara logis dapat ditarik dari premis-premis di atas?

10. Diketahui 8 data: 5, 7, 9, 11, 13, 15, 17, x. Jika median = rata-rata, maka nilai x adalah …

11. Z, X, U, Q, …

12. 1, 1, 2, 3, 5, 8, 13, …, …

13. Nilai ulangan Matematika: 40, 50, 50, 60, 65, 70, 70, 70, 75, 80. Jika nilai tertinggi dan terendah dihilangkan, maka rata-ratanya menjadi?

14. Dalam sekumpulan data, modus = 14, median = 16, dan rata-rata = 20. Maka distribusi data ini bersifat …

15. Perhatikan pola kombinasi huruf berikut: AP, BR, CU, … Pasangan huruf berikutnya dalam pola tersebut adalah …

16. Perhatikan kalimat berikut ini, “Ia merasa gusar karena pendapatnya terus diabaikan dalam rapat penting itu”. Makna kata “gusar” yang paling tepat adalah …

17. Wacana untuk merevisi undang-undang tersebut memicu perdebatan luas di kalangan masyarakat dan akademisi. Sinonim kata “wacana” yang paling tepat adalah …

18. Pada kalimat, “Kebijakan itu bertujuan untuk memperkuat ketahanan ekonomi nasional.” Makna kata “ketahanan” dalam kalimat tersebut adalah …

19. Pemerintah sedang menyusun rencana pembangunan yang komprehensif untuk lima tahun ke depan. Makna kata “komprehensif” dalam kalimat tersebut adalah …

20. Perubahan paradigma dalam suatu disiplin ilmu sering kali terjadi ketika teori lama tidak lagi mampu menjelaskan fenomena baru. Sinonim kata “paradigma” yang paling sesuai adalah …

21. Etika profesional menjadi landasan penting dalam menjaga integritas seorang ilmuwan di tengah dinamika dunia riset. Sinonim kata “integritas” yang paling sesuai adalah …

22. Kata “konflik” memiliki makna yang paling mendekati dengan …

23. Kata “implisit” dalam frasa, “makna implisit dalam puisi itu sangat dalam” berarti …

24. Makna kata “kolaborasi” pada kalimat, “kolaborasi antara berbagai pihak menghasilkan solusi yang lebih baik” adalah …

25. “Retorika yang digunakan pemimpin itu mampu membangkitkan semangat rakyat dalam menghadapi krisis.” Sinonim kata “retorika” yang paling sesuai adalah …

26. Analisis struktural yang digabungkan dengan semiotik disebut …

27. Aku masih tetap sendiri
Kutahu kau bukan yang dulu lagi
…..

Manakah baris yang tepat untuk melengkapi penggalan puisi di atas …

28. Satriyo Beni dan Setyo Andi bertemu lagi di perempatan jalan yang memisahkan kampung-kampung mereka. Fungsi imbuhan me-kan pada kalimat di atas sama dengan fungsinya pada kalimat …

29. Di bawah ini kalimat yang mengandung majas simile adalah …

30. Banjir rob telah menjadi masalah tahunan yang dihadapi kota-kota pesisir di Indonesia. Fenomena kenaikan permukaan air laut ini makin diperparah dengan perubahan iklim global dan penurunan permukaan tanah. Di Jakarta Utara, beberapa kawasan permukiman padat penduduk seperti Muara Angke dan Pluit mengalami rob setinggi 50–70 cm yang terjadi hampir setiap bulan. Tidak hanya merusak infrastruktur dan permukiman, rob juga menimbulkan krisis kesehatan. Air rob yang mengandung garam dan berbagai polutan mencemari sumber air bersih, memicu penyakit kulit, diare, hingga infeksi saluran pernapasan. Menurut data Dinas Kesehatan DKI Jakarta, terjadi peningkatan kasus penyakit berbasis lingkungan hingga 30% di wilayah yang terdampak rob. Solusi komprehensif diperlukan untuk menangani masalah ini. Pembangunan tanggul laut, revitalisasi mangrove sebagai penahan alami gelombang air, serta penerapan teknologi pompa air modern menjadi prioritas pemerintah. Namun, upaya adaptasi masyarakat juga penting, termasuk meninggikan lantai rumah dan membangun sistem drainasi komunal.

Bacaan di atas merupakan jenis karangan …

31. Penggunaan partikel -pun yang tepat terdapat pada kalimat di bawah ini, kecuali …

32. Penggunaan kata gabungan yang tepat terdapat pada kalimat di bawah ini, kecuali …

33. Kegiatan membaca yang dilakukan secara bijaksana, penuh tenggang hati, mendalam, evaluatif, serta analitis, bukan hanya mencari kesalahan penulis, melainkan juga dilakukan merupakan jenis membaca …

34. Penulisan akronim pada kalimat di bawah yang tepat kecuali …

1. (1) Di era digital, informasi dapat diakses dengan sangat mudah dan cepat.
(2) Sayangnya, tidak semua informasi yang tersebar dapat dipertanggungjawabkan kebenarannya.
(3) Masyarakat dituntut untuk semakin cerdas dalam memilah dan memilih informasi.
(4) Oleh karena itu, literasi digital menjadi keterampilan penting di masa kini.
(5) Dengan literasi digital, seseorang dapat mengenali hoaks dan menghindari disinformasi.

Urutan kalimat yang tepat agar paragraf tersebut menjadi padu adalah…

2. (1) Kerusakan hutan dapat menimbulkan berbagai bencana alam seperti banjir dan tanah longsor.
(2) Salah satu penyebab utamanya adalah aktivitas penebangan liar yang tidak terkendali.
(3) Hutan berfungsi sebagai paru-paru dunia yang menjaga keseimbangan ekosistem.
(4) Oleh sebab itu, pelestarian hutan menjadi tanggung jawab semua pihak.
(5) Jika dibiarkan, kerusakan hutan dapat mengancam kehidupan manusia dan makhluk hidup lainnya.

Urutan kalimat yang tepat agar paragraf tersebut menjadi padu adalah…

3. (1) Pembelajaran daring telah menjadi solusi utama selama pandemi COVID-19.
(2) Namun, tidak semua siswa memiliki akses yang memadai terhadap teknologi.
(3) Hal ini menimbulkan kesenjangan dalam proses belajar mengajar.
(4) Pemerintah dan sekolah harus mencari cara agar pembelajaran tetap inklusif.
(5) Salah satunya adalah dengan menyediakan fasilitas internet gratis di daerah 3T.

Urutan kalimat yang tepat agar paragraf tersebut menjadi padu adalah…

4. (1) Kota Yogyakarta terkenal dengan berbagai tempat wisata budaya seperti Keraton, Taman Sari, dan berbagai candi.
(2) Tak hanya itu, kota ini juga dikenal sebagai pusat kuliner yang menghadirkan makanan khas seperti gudeg, bakpia, dan sate klatak.
(3) Banyak wisatawan lokal maupun mancanegara datang untuk menikmati kekayaan budaya dan kulinernya.
(4) Pemerintah daerah terus mengembangkan potensi pariwisata ini agar bisa menjadi penggerak ekonomi utama masyarakat setempat.

Kata yang memiliki makna lebih luas dari kata gudeg dalam paragraf tersebut adalah…

5. (1) Pada musim hujan, berbagai penyakit seperti demam berdarah, diare, dan flu meningkat tajam di beberapa wilayah Indonesia.
(2) Kelembapan tinggi dan genangan air menjadi tempat berkembang biaknya nyamuk penyebab demam berdarah.
(3) Selain itu, kurangnya sanitasi dan kebersihan lingkungan turut memperparah kondisi tersebut.
(4) Pemerintah daerah menghimbau masyarakat untuk meningkatkan kebersihan dan melakukan fogging secara berkala.

Kata yang memiliki makna lebih luas dari kata demam berdarah dalam paragraf tersebut adalah…

6. Setiap kali Dika mengonsumsi makanan laut, ia mengalami gatal-gatal. Temannya, Rani, juga mengalami hal yang sama setelah makan udang dan kerang. Beberapa anggota keluarganya pun menghindari makanan laut karena menyebabkan alergi.

Kesimpulan yang paling logis dari pernyataan tersebut adalah…

7. Banyak siswa yang tidak memahami materi pelajaran dengan baik karena sering datang terlambat ke sekolah. Mereka kehilangan waktu pelajaran yang penting pada jam pertama.

Sebab dan akibat yang benar dari pernyataan tersebut adalah…

8. (1) Desa Waringin merupakan daerah yang mengandalkan pertanian sebagai sumber penghidupan utama.
(2) Dalam beberapa tahun terakhir, desa ini menghadapi tantangan berupa perubahan iklim dan berkurangnya kesuburan tanah.
(3) Untuk menghadapi hal tersebut, pemerintah daerah menjadikan sistem pertanian organik sebagai penyangga ketahanan pangan desa.
(4) Sistem ini terbukti mampu meningkatkan hasil panen tanpa merusak lingkungan.

Kata yang paling mendekati makna kata penyangga pada kalimat (3) adalah…

9. (1) Pemerintah Kota Ambon menetapkan kebijakan baru untuk mengembangkan sektor kelautan dan perikanan.
(2) Salah satu langkahnya adalah membangun pelabuhan terpadu yang berfungsi sebagai pengungkit ekonomi masyarakat pesisir.
(3) Proyek ini diharapkan mampu meningkatkan arus distribusi hasil tangkapan nelayan dan mempercepat pertumbuhan ekonomi lokal.

Kata yang paling mendekati makna kata pengungkit pada kalimat (2) adalah…

10. Teks (kalimat acak):
1. Arus globalisasi, kemajuan teknologi, serta perubahan gaya hidup masyarakat […] penggunaan dan […] bahasa Jawa.
2. Jumlah penutur Bahasa Jawa merupakan yang terbesar di Indonesia.
3. Namun, seperti halnya bahasa daerah lain, bahasa Jawa mengalami sejumlah tantangan terhadap upaya eksistensi pelestariannya.
4. Khususnya di kalangan generasi muda sering maraknya penggunaan bahasa dan budaya asing.
5. Oleh karenanya, penting untuk merancang strategi serta kebijakan yang dapat mendukung pelestarian penggunaan bahasa daerah.
6. Penggunaan bahasa Jawa yang cenderung terbatas pada konteks tertentu, seperti dalam ruang lingkup keluarga atau komunitas tradisional, berisiko semakin terpinggirkan oleh dominasi bahasa Indonesia dan asing.

Urutan yang tepat agar menjadi paragraf padu adalah…

11. Bacaan:
1. Pendidikan antikorupsi dinilai menjadi salah satu strategi pemberantasan korupsi, karena dapat menciptakan ekosistem budaya antikorupsi dalam membangun karakter generasi muda.
2. Pendidikan antikorupsi yang diinisiasi Komisi Pemberantasan Korupsi (KPK) patut diapresiasi.
3. Institusi lain dan masyarakat juga harus mendukung kegiatan yang sudah dilakukan oleh KPK.
4. Untuk itu, setiap anggota masyarakat harus membangun sikap antikorupsi.
5. Untuk itu, setiap anggota masyarakat harus memahami tentang antikorupsi secara formal ataupun informal juga perlu dijelaskan, baik di tingkat pendidikan dasar maupun tinggi.
6. Pendidikan ini dapat dilakukan melalui institusi formal, informal, dan masyarakat.

Kata ‘itu’ pada kalimat (5) merujuk pada…

12. “Setiap rumah tangga secara sukarela melakukan inspeksi untuk memelihara ayam.”

Berikut ini yang bukan merupakan padanan kata dari kata inspeksi adalah…

13. Urutkan kalimat berikut agar menjadi paragraf yang padu:
1. Oleh karena itu, pelestarian hutan mangrove perlu menjadi prioritas kebijakan lingkungan.
2. Hutan mangrove memiliki peran penting dalam menjaga keseimbangan ekosistem pesisir.
3. Namun, dalam beberapa dekade terakhir, hutan mangrove mengalami penurunan luas akibat alih fungsi lahan.
4. Penurunan ini berdampak pada meningkatnya abrasi pantai dan kerusakan habitat biota laut.
5. Tak hanya itu, mangrove juga menyimpan karbon yang berfungsi mengurangi dampak perubahan iklim.

Urutan yang tepat adalah…

14. (1) Desa Cibuluh dikenal sebagai desa yang sukses dalam mengelola pertanian organik secara mandiri.
(2) Warga desa ini secara kolektif menolak penggunaan pupuk kimia dan pestisida sintetis karena alasan kesehatan dan kelestarian lingkungan.
(3) Selain itu, mereka juga melakukan pemasaran hasil panen secara langsung ke konsumen melalui platform digital.
(4) Strategi ini membuat Cibuluh menjadi pelopor dalam gerakan pertanian berkelanjutan di wilayah tersebut.
(5) Banyak desa lain kini belajar dari pengalaman Cibuluh dalam mengembangkan pertanian ramah lingkungan.

Kata yang paling mendekati makna dari kata pelopor pada kalimat (4) adalah…

15. Di bawah ini yang bukan ciri pentas stamboel yaitu…

16. Di bawah ini yang bukan merupakan ciri khas dari pertunjukan wayang orang adalah…

17. Berikut ini yang bukan ciri khas dari pertunjukan Lenong Betawi adalah…

18. Dini adalah seorang siswi kelas 12 yang aktif di organisasi sekolah. Ia selalu mendapat nilai bagus dan disenangi oleh guru-guru. Suatu hari, ia ditugaskan menjadi ketua panitia acara perpisahan. Namun, dua minggu sebelum acara, Dini mengalami kecelakaan dan harus beristirahat total di rumah. Panitia menjadi kacau tanpa pemimpin.

Melihat kondisi itu, Andra, salah satu anggota panitia, berinisiatif untuk mengambil alih tanggung jawab. Ia menyusun ulang jadwal, membagi tugas kepada teman-temannya, dan terus berkomunikasi dengan Dini secara daring. Berkat kerja keras Andra dan kekompakan tim, acara perpisahan berjalan lancar dan mendapat pujian dari kepala sekolah.

Apa pesan moral yang paling tepat dapat diambil dari cerita tersebut?

19. Sejak kecil, Lia suka membaca dan menulis cerita. Ia sering mengirimkan cerpennya ke majalah anak, namun selalu ditolak. Alih-alih menyerah, Lia terus belajar dari komentar redaksi dan memperbaiki tulisannya. Tahun demi tahun berlalu, dan akhirnya cerpennya dimuat untuk pertama kalinya saat Lia duduk di kelas 11. Tak lama kemudian, ia mendapat undangan menjadi penulis tamu di sebuah acara literasi nasional.

Apa simpulan yang paling tepat berdasarkan cerita tersebut?

20. “Itu tanda-tanda kenabian, begitu katamu sembari tersenyum setiap kali ada yang menyebut atau menceritakan ulang kisah masa kecilmu ketika kau pada suatu hari mengeluarkan uang logam bersama kotorannya. Kau lupa kapan dan bagaimana bisa menelannya. Tidak tahu kalau uang itu telah membikin kaget keluarga dan orang-orang sekampungmu…”

Teknik penokohan untuk mengungkap karakter tokoh “kau” dalam kutipan cerpen di atas adalah…

21. “Dara menarik napas panjang sambil menatap hujan yang mengguyur halaman. Matanya menerawang jauh, mengingat kembali hari di mana ia harus meninggalkan kota kelahirannya. Semua terasa asing, tapi ia tetap tersenyum menyambut pagi. Ia percaya, akan selalu ada harapan dalam setiap hujan yang turun.”

Teknik penokohan yang digunakan untuk menggambarkan karakter Dara adalah…

22. “Semua orang di desa tahu betapa jujurnya Pak Wira. Bahkan anak-anak kecil pun sering berkata, ‘Kalau Pak Wira yang jaga toko, tak ada satu sen pun yang salah hitung.’ Tak heran, ia dipercaya menjadi bendahara desa selama puluhan tahun.”

Teknik penokohan yang digunakan dalam kutipan di atas adalah…

23. “Kini semua serba cepat. Informasi datang bertubi-tubi, membuat orang tak sempat memverifikasi kebenaran. Dalam hitungan detik, kabar palsu dapat menyebar lebih luas daripada berita yang telah diuji kebenarannya. Masyarakat seolah berlomba menjadi yang tercepat, bukan yang paling tepat.”

Apa pesan implisit yang disampaikan penulis dalam kutipan tersebut?

24. “Banyak orang percaya bahwa bekerja tanpa henti adalah kunci sukses. Namun, berbagai penelitian justru menunjukkan bahwa produktivitas meningkat saat seseorang memiliki waktu istirahat yang cukup. Dalam kondisi lelah, kemampuan otak menurun drastis, sehingga hasil kerja pun tidak optimal.”

Simpulan yang paling logis dan tepat dari paragraf di atas adalah…

26. Di kawasan Trowulan ditemukan ratusan ribu peninggalan arkeologis, berupa artefak, ekofak, dan fitur yang diperkirakan berasal dari abad ke-12 hingga abad ke-15.
Inti kalimat tersebut adalah …

27. Penggunaan tanda petik tunggal (‘) yang tepat terdapat pada kalimat …