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The most important thing that keeps a family together is the faith of each member that when he or she has
something to say, the others will listen. You shouldn’t have to yell in order to be heard. You should be able to say, ”I
went downtown today and I saw these interesting people,“ and give an account of your day, and the others should
pay attention. This sort of everyday storytelling is what holds people together. We can endure terrible hardships if we
get to tell somebody about them.

Authoritarian fathers get in the way of storytelling, and so do over-anxious mothers and jealous brothers and
sisters, but mostly what defeats us is noise and busyness. The people around us deserve our best attention sometimes,
and then we have to shut the world out. Turn off the television. Turn off the radio. Don’t read the newspaper. Live a
smaller life. The television is full of trash, the radio is full of noise and nonsense, and the newspaper is full of horrors
and disasters and stories about terrible things done by other people’s children – and all of it an open invitation to be
self-righteous; those weren’t our children who beat up the old lady and put her in the hospital.

Worst of all, the media tend to remove us from direct experience. When we are fascinated by television and
accept it as reality, the real world pales. American children don’t want to go on trips to strange places because it will
mean missing their favourite shows. What a pity.

We have more information than any other people in history, and we need a little less of it and a little more
experience. The terrible danger of the media is their power to diminish our pleasure in the ordinary day, the richness
and the goodness of a simple landscape and ordinary small talk and stories.
43. The article says that everyday storytelling is
important because _______.

The most important thing that keeps a family together is the faith of each member that when he or she has
something to say, the others will listen. You shouldn’t have to yell in order to be heard. You should be able to say, ”I
went downtown today and I saw these interesting people,“ and give an account of your day, and the others should
pay attention. This sort of everyday storytelling is what holds people together. We can endure terrible hardships if we
get to tell somebody about them.

Authoritarian fathers get in the way of storytelling, and so do over-anxious mothers and jealous brothers and
sisters, but mostly what defeats us is noise and busyness. The people around us deserve our best attention sometimes,
and then we have to shut the world out. Turn off the television. Turn off the radio. Don’t read the newspaper. Live a
smaller life. The television is full of trash, the radio is full of noise and nonsense, and the newspaper is full of horrors
and disasters and stories about terrible things done by other people’s children – and all of it an open invitation to be
self-righteous; those weren’t our children who beat up the old lady and put her in the hospital.

Worst of all, the media tend to remove us from direct experience. When we are fascinated by television and
accept it as reality, the real world pales. American children don’t want to go on trips to strange places because it will
mean missing their favourite shows. What a pity.

We have more information than any other people in history, and we need a little less of it and a little more
experience. The terrible danger of the media is their power to diminish our pleasure in the ordinary day, the richness
and the goodness of a simple landscape and ordinary small talk and stories.
44. According to the text, the greatest obstacle to
storytelling is _______.

The most important thing that keeps a family together is the faith of each member that when he or she has
something to say, the others will listen. You shouldn’t have to yell in order to be heard. You should be able to say, ”I
went downtown today and I saw these interesting people,“ and give an account of your day, and the others should
pay attention. This sort of everyday storytelling is what holds people together. We can endure terrible hardships if we
get to tell somebody about them.

Authoritarian fathers get in the way of storytelling, and so do over-anxious mothers and jealous brothers and
sisters, but mostly what defeats us is noise and busyness. The people around us deserve our best attention sometimes,
and then we have to shut the world out. Turn off the television. Turn off the radio. Don’t read the newspaper. Live a
smaller life. The television is full of trash, the radio is full of noise and nonsense, and the newspaper is full of horrors
and disasters and stories about terrible things done by other people’s children – and all of it an open invitation to be
self-righteous; those weren’t our children who beat up the old lady and put her in the hospital.

Worst of all, the media tend to remove us from direct experience. When we are fascinated by television and
accept it as reality, the real world pales. American children don’t want to go on trips to strange places because it will
mean missing their favourite shows. What a pity.

We have more information than any other people in history, and we need a little less of it and a little more
experience. The terrible danger of the media is their power to diminish our pleasure in the ordinary day, the richness
and the goodness of a simple landscape and ordinary small talk and stories.
45. In the text the author says that we need more
_______.

The most important thing that keeps a family together is the faith of each member that when he or she has
something to say, the others will listen. You shouldn’t have to yell in order to be heard. You should be able to say, ”I
went downtown today and I saw these interesting people,“ and give an account of your day, and the others should
pay attention. This sort of everyday storytelling is what holds people together. We can endure terrible hardships if we
get to tell somebody about them.

Authoritarian fathers get in the way of storytelling, and so do over-anxious mothers and jealous brothers and
sisters, but mostly what defeats us is noise and busyness. The people around us deserve our best attention sometimes,
and then we have to shut the world out. Turn off the television. Turn off the radio. Don’t read the newspaper. Live a
smaller life. The television is full of trash, the radio is full of noise and nonsense, and the newspaper is full of horrors
and disasters and stories about terrible things done by other people’s children – and all of it an open invitation to be
self-righteous; those weren’t our children who beat up the old lady and put her in the hospital.

Worst of all, the media tend to remove us from direct experience. When we are fascinated by television and
accept it as reality, the real world pales. American children don’t want to go on trips to strange places because it will
mean missing their favourite shows. What a pity.

We have more information than any other people in history, and we need a little less of it and a little more
experience. The terrible danger of the media is their power to diminish our pleasure in the ordinary day, the richness
and the goodness of a simple landscape and ordinary small talk and stories.
46. We may infer from the text that there is a tendency
of the media to _______.

The most important thing that keeps a family together is the faith of each member that when he or she has
something to say, the others will listen. You shouldn’t have to yell in order to be heard. You should be able to say, ”I
went downtown today and I saw these interesting people,“ and give an account of your day, and the others should
pay attention. This sort of everyday storytelling is what holds people together. We can endure terrible hardships if we
get to tell somebody about them.

Authoritarian fathers get in the way of storytelling, and so do over-anxious mothers and jealous brothers and
sisters, but mostly what defeats us is noise and busyness. The people around us deserve our best attention sometimes,
and then we have to shut the world out. Turn off the television. Turn off the radio. Don’t read the newspaper. Live a
smaller life. The television is full of trash, the radio is full of noise and nonsense, and the newspaper is full of horrors
and disasters and stories about terrible things done by other people’s children – and all of it an open invitation to be
self-righteous; those weren’t our children who beat up the old lady and put her in the hospital.

Worst of all, the media tend to remove us from direct experience. When we are fascinated by television and
accept it as reality, the real world pales. American children don’t want to go on trips to strange places because it will
mean missing their favourite shows. What a pity.

We have more information than any other people in history, and we need a little less of it and a little more
experience. The terrible danger of the media is their power to diminish our pleasure in the ordinary day, the richness
and the goodness of a simple landscape and ordinary small talk and stories.
47. Sometimes we should just shut out the world
because _______.

Text III
There has been so much written about the
dangers of cigarette smoking that it is hard to believe
that anyone would smoke, knowing the risks it brings
and the energy drain it causes. Cigarette smoke is
composed of over 4000 chemicals, ___(48)___ 43 that
are known to cause cancer. Advertisers spend billion
of dollars a year to ___(49)___ you that smoking will
make you more attractive, sexier, cooler, and calmer,
and will solve all your problems in life. We are a
drug-using ___(50)___, and the payoff is excitement
and pleasure and a quick fix for problems. The fact is,
___(51)___, that nicotine is a depressant and saps your
energy. Recent studies also show that smoking even
causes wrinkles. The risks are well documented, and
nearly 500.000 people die every year from smoking
___(52)___ illness. Nonsmokers who are married to
smokers have a 30 percent greater risk of developing
lung cancer than those who are married to
nonsmokers.
48.

Text III
There has been so much written about the
dangers of cigarette smoking that it is hard to believe
that anyone would smoke, knowing the risks it brings
and the energy drain it causes. Cigarette smoke is
composed of over 4000 chemicals, ___(48)___ 43 that
are known to cause cancer. Advertisers spend billion
of dollars a year to ___(49)___ you that smoking will
make you more attractive, sexier, cooler, and calmer,
and will solve all your problems in life. We are a
drug-using ___(50)___, and the payoff is excitement
and pleasure and a quick fix for problems. The fact is,
___(51)___, that nicotine is a depressant and saps your
energy. Recent studies also show that smoking even
causes wrinkles. The risks are well documented, and
nearly 500.000 people die every year from smoking
___(52)___ illness. Nonsmokers who are married to
smokers have a 30 percent greater risk of developing
lung cancer than those who are married to
nonsmokers.
49.

Text III
There has been so much written about the
dangers of cigarette smoking that it is hard to believe
that anyone would smoke, knowing the risks it brings
and the energy drain it causes. Cigarette smoke is
composed of over 4000 chemicals, ___(48)___ 43 that
are known to cause cancer. Advertisers spend billion
of dollars a year to ___(49)___ you that smoking will
make you more attractive, sexier, cooler, and calmer,
and will solve all your problems in life. We are a
drug-using ___(50)___, and the payoff is excitement
and pleasure and a quick fix for problems. The fact is,
___(51)___, that nicotine is a depressant and saps your
energy. Recent studies also show that smoking even
causes wrinkles. The risks are well documented, and
nearly 500.000 people die every year from smoking
___(52)___ illness. Nonsmokers who are married to
smokers have a 30 percent greater risk of developing
lung cancer than those who are married to
nonsmokers.
50.

Text III
There has been so much written about the
dangers of cigarette smoking that it is hard to believe
that anyone would smoke, knowing the risks it brings
and the energy drain it causes. Cigarette smoke is
composed of over 4000 chemicals, ___(48)___ 43 that
are known to cause cancer. Advertisers spend billion
of dollars a year to ___(49)___ you that smoking will
make you more attractive, sexier, cooler, and calmer,
and will solve all your problems in life. We are a
drug-using ___(50)___, and the payoff is excitement
and pleasure and a quick fix for problems. The fact is,
___(51)___, that nicotine is a depressant and saps your
energy. Recent studies also show that smoking even
causes wrinkles. The risks are well documented, and
nearly 500.000 people die every year from smoking
___(52)___ illness. Nonsmokers who are married to
smokers have a 30 percent greater risk of developing
lung cancer than those who are married to
nonsmokers.
51.

Text III
There has been so much written about the
dangers of cigarette smoking that it is hard to believe
that anyone would smoke, knowing the risks it brings
and the energy drain it causes. Cigarette smoke is
composed of over 4000 chemicals, ___(48)___ 43 that
are known to cause cancer. Advertisers spend billion
of dollars a year to ___(49)___ you that smoking will
make you more attractive, sexier, cooler, and calmer,
and will solve all your problems in life. We are a
drug-using ___(50)___, and the payoff is excitement
and pleasure and a quick fix for problems. The fact is,
___(51)___, that nicotine is a depressant and saps your
energy. Recent studies also show that smoking even
causes wrinkles. The risks are well documented, and
nearly 500.000 people die every year from smoking
___(52)___ illness. Nonsmokers who are married to
smokers have a 30 percent greater risk of developing
lung cancer than those who are married to
nonsmokers.
52.

53. Erika _______ on her report for three days in a row
without much sleep. That’s why she looks so tired.

54. ‘I thought lunch is ready.’
‘Don’t worry, it _______ now.’

55. ‘Why did you have to work overtime yesterday?’
‘Well, I had to finish not only the company’s
annual report _______.’

56. I’ve just received a fax from the bookstore _______
that the latest version of the accounting book
written by Kelso will be available tomorrow.

57. ‘Yumi, I really don’t know _______. You know as
much English as I do.’
‘Well, I mainly want you to correct my
pronunciation.’

58. ‘May I borrow your calculator, please?’
‘Sorry, I can’t find it in my bag. I _______ at home.’

59. Kerosene lamps had been used in every house in
this village until _______ in remote places.

60. If the food-producing nations had not sent
immediate aid, thousands of people in the
drought regions would have died.
From the above sentence we may conclude that
_______.

We know that doctors and other health-care workers are meticulous about washing their hands. What
about their clothes? A recent New York Times article highlighted growing concerns in the US about the role
that doctors’ garments play in the spread of bacteria.

According to the newspaper, the discussion was repeated this year in the US when the British National
Health Service imposed ‘bare below the elbows’ rule. It does not allow doctors to wear ties and long sleeves,
both of which are known to accumulate germs as doctors move from patient to patient. The article reported a
study from the New York Hospital Medical Centre of Queens that compared the ties of 40 doctors and
medical students with those of 10 security guards. It found that about half the ties worn by medical personnel
were a reservoir for germs, compared with just one in 10 of the ties taken from security guards.

When asked about the subject of doctors’ clothes and their possible role in the spread of infections, most
local doctors, and some hospitals, declined to comment. Associate Professor Dale Fisher, the Chairman of
infection control said that ties and other pieces of clothes are sometimes referred to as reservoirs for micro
organism that may cause nosocomial infection (infection caught while staying in a hospital) but he added that
the risk of infections from contaminated clothes needed to be put in perspective.
43. The main information of the text tells us about
_______.

We know that doctors and other health-care workers are meticulous about washing their hands. What
about their clothes? A recent New York Times article highlighted growing concerns in the US about the role
that doctors’ garments play in the spread of bacteria.

According to the newspaper, the discussion was repeated this year in the US when the British National
Health Service imposed ‘bare below the elbows’ rule. It does not allow doctors to wear ties and long sleeves,
both of which are known to accumulate germs as doctors move from patient to patient. The article reported a
study from the New York Hospital Medical Centre of Queens that compared the ties of 40 doctors and
medical students with those of 10 security guards. It found that about half the ties worn by medical personnel
were a reservoir for germs, compared with just one in 10 of the ties taken from security guards.

When asked about the subject of doctors’ clothes and their possible role in the spread of infections, most
local doctors, and some hospitals, declined to comment. Associate Professor Dale Fisher, the Chairman of
infection control said that ties and other pieces of clothes are sometimes referred to as reservoirs for micro
organism that may cause nosocomial infection (infection caught while staying in a hospital) but he added that
the risk of infections from contaminated clothes needed to be put in perspective.
44. An article in the New York Times mentioned that
_______.

We know that doctors and other health-care workers are meticulous about washing their hands. What
about their clothes? A recent New York Times article highlighted growing concerns in the US about the role
that doctors’ garments play in the spread of bacteria.

According to the newspaper, the discussion was repeated this year in the US when the British National
Health Service imposed ‘bare below the elbows’ rule. It does not allow doctors to wear ties and long sleeves,
both of which are known to accumulate germs as doctors move from patient to patient. The article reported a
study from the New York Hospital Medical Centre of Queens that compared the ties of 40 doctors and
medical students with those of 10 security guards. It found that about half the ties worn by medical personnel
were a reservoir for germs, compared with just one in 10 of the ties taken from security guards.

When asked about the subject of doctors’ clothes and their possible role in the spread of infections, most
local doctors, and some hospitals, declined to comment. Associate Professor Dale Fisher, the Chairman of
infection control said that ties and other pieces of clothes are sometimes referred to as reservoirs for micro
organism that may cause nosocomial infection (infection caught while staying in a hospital) but he added that
the risk of infections from contaminated clothes needed to be put in perspective.
45. The findings of the New York Hospital Medical
Centre show that _______.

We know that doctors and other health-care workers are meticulous about washing their hands. What
about their clothes? A recent New York Times article highlighted growing concerns in the US about the role
that doctors’ garments play in the spread of bacteria.

According to the newspaper, the discussion was repeated this year in the US when the British National
Health Service imposed ‘bare below the elbows’ rule. It does not allow doctors to wear ties and long sleeves,
both of which are known to accumulate germs as doctors move from patient to patient. The article reported a
study from the New York Hospital Medical Centre of Queens that compared the ties of 40 doctors and
medical students with those of 10 security guards. It found that about half the ties worn by medical personnel
were a reservoir for germs, compared with just one in 10 of the ties taken from security guards.

When asked about the subject of doctors’ clothes and their possible role in the spread of infections, most
local doctors, and some hospitals, declined to comment. Associate Professor Dale Fisher, the Chairman of
infection control said that ties and other pieces of clothes are sometimes referred to as reservoirs for micro
organism that may cause nosocomial infection (infection caught while staying in a hospital) but he added that
the risk of infections from contaminated clothes needed to be put in perspective.
46. ‘bare below the elbow’ in line 5 means _______.

We know that doctors and other health-care workers are meticulous about washing their hands. What
about their clothes? A recent New York Times article highlighted growing concerns in the US about the role
that doctors’ garments play in the spread of bacteria.

According to the newspaper, the discussion was repeated this year in the US when the British National
Health Service imposed ‘bare below the elbows’ rule. It does not allow doctors to wear ties and long sleeves,
both of which are known to accumulate germs as doctors move from patient to patient. The article reported a
study from the New York Hospital Medical Centre of Queens that compared the ties of 40 doctors and
medical students with those of 10 security guards. It found that about half the ties worn by medical personnel
were a reservoir for germs, compared with just one in 10 of the ties taken from security guards.

When asked about the subject of doctors’ clothes and their possible role in the spread of infections, most
local doctors, and some hospitals, declined to comment. Associate Professor Dale Fisher, the Chairman of
infection control said that ties and other pieces of clothes are sometimes referred to as reservoirs for micro
organism that may cause nosocomial infection (infection caught while staying in a hospital) but he added that
the risk of infections from contaminated clothes needed to be put in perspective.
47. From the text we may conclude that _______.

Text III
In Australia most children attend primary
school from the age of five. Only two per cent of
children of primary school are educated at home.
Some children who go to school also take up extra
activities such as learning to play a musical instrument
or dancing, and they go to private classes for these and
for school ___(48)___ they find difficult or particularly
interesting, such as languages, mathematics or
computing. Ninety-five per cent of the population
goes on to secondary school, ___(49)___ a much
smaller percentage pass the final year of secondary
school examinations and complete a university
___(50)___. At the moment, university students and
graduates make up less than a third of total
population. Australian universities are modern and
well-equipped. Most teaching is by a combination of
tutorial and ___(51)___ classes. The ___(52)___ courses
like History and Philosophy, usually involve a lot of
reading in the library. To become a primary or
secondary school teacher, it is usually necessary to
study at university for three years or more.
48.

Text III
In Australia most children attend primary
school from the age of five. Only two per cent of
children of primary school are educated at home.
Some children who go to school also take up extra
activities such as learning to play a musical instrument
or dancing, and they go to private classes for these and
for school ___(48)___ they find difficult or particularly
interesting, such as languages, mathematics or
computing. Ninety-five per cent of the population
goes on to secondary school, ___(49)___ a much
smaller percentage pass the final year of secondary
school examinations and complete a university
___(50)___. At the moment, university students and
graduates make up less than a third of total
population. Australian universities are modern and
well-equipped. Most teaching is by a combination of
tutorial and ___(51)___ classes. The ___(52)___ courses
like History and Philosophy, usually involve a lot of
reading in the library. To become a primary or
secondary school teacher, it is usually necessary to
study at university for three years or more.
49.

Text III
In Australia most children attend primary
school from the age of five. Only two per cent of
children of primary school are educated at home.
Some children who go to school also take up extra
activities such as learning to play a musical instrument
or dancing, and they go to private classes for these and
for school ___(48)___ they find difficult or particularly
interesting, such as languages, mathematics or
computing. Ninety-five per cent of the population
goes on to secondary school, ___(49)___ a much
smaller percentage pass the final year of secondary
school examinations and complete a university
___(50)___. At the moment, university students and
graduates make up less than a third of total
population. Australian universities are modern and
well-equipped. Most teaching is by a combination of
tutorial and ___(51)___ classes. The ___(52)___ courses
like History and Philosophy, usually involve a lot of
reading in the library. To become a primary or
secondary school teacher, it is usually necessary to
study at university for three years or more.
50.

Text III
In Australia most children attend primary
school from the age of five. Only two per cent of
children of primary school are educated at home.
Some children who go to school also take up extra
activities such as learning to play a musical instrument
or dancing, and they go to private classes for these and
for school ___(48)___ they find difficult or particularly
interesting, such as languages, mathematics or
computing. Ninety-five per cent of the population
goes on to secondary school, ___(49)___ a much
smaller percentage pass the final year of secondary
school examinations and complete a university
___(50)___. At the moment, university students and
graduates make up less than a third of total
population. Australian universities are modern and
well-equipped. Most teaching is by a combination of
tutorial and ___(51)___ classes. The ___(52)___ courses
like History and Philosophy, usually involve a lot of
reading in the library. To become a primary or
secondary school teacher, it is usually necessary to
study at university for three years or more.
51.

Text III
In Australia most children attend primary
school from the age of five. Only two per cent of
children of primary school are educated at home.
Some children who go to school also take up extra
activities such as learning to play a musical instrument
or dancing, and they go to private classes for these and
for school ___(48)___ they find difficult or particularly
interesting, such as languages, mathematics or
computing. Ninety-five per cent of the population
goes on to secondary school, ___(49)___ a much
smaller percentage pass the final year of secondary
school examinations and complete a university
___(50)___. At the moment, university students and
graduates make up less than a third of total
population. Australian universities are modern and
well-equipped. Most teaching is by a combination of
tutorial and ___(51)___ classes. The ___(52)___ courses
like History and Philosophy, usually involve a lot of
reading in the library. To become a primary or
secondary school teacher, it is usually necessary to
study at university for three years or more.
52.

53. Erika _______ on her report for three days in a row
without much sleep. That’s why she looks so tired.

54. Entering the classroom, I saw my students _______
for the speech they had to make.

55. Having a credit card is convenient because you
can either pay your bills with one check or ______.

56. ‘May I borrow your calculator, please?’
‘Sorry, I can’t find it in my bag. I _______ at home.’

57. Adi’s parents were anxious to know _______ in the
state university entrance test.

58. ‘Are you going to send the letter by
regular mail?’
‘No, I have to give it directly to the person
_______ this letter is addressed.’

59. ‘It’s very unfortunate that some companies have
closed their plants in Indonesia.’
‘Well, this is just an example of the economic
problem _______ by the country.’

60. _______, I would explain why inflation is so high.

In studying the phenomenon usually referred to as sleep, we are actually dealing with more than one phenomenon.
In point of fact, we spend the night alternating between two different types of sleep, each with different brain mechanism
and different purposes.

As a person falls asleep, his brain waves develop a slower and less regular pattern than in a waking state. This is
called orthodox sleep. In this state the brain is apparently resting. Its blood supply is reduced, and its temperature falls
slightly. Breathing and heart rate are regular. The muscles remain slightly tensed. After about an hour in this state,
however, the brain waves begin to show a more active pattern again, even though the person is apparently asleep very
deeply. This is called paradoxical sleep because it has much in common with being awake.

Paradoxical (active) sleep is marked by irregular breathing and heart rate, increased blood supply to the brain, and
increased brain temperature. Most of the muscles are relaxed. There are various jerky movements of the body and face,
including short burst of rapid eye movement, which indicate that we are dreaming. Thus, we spend the night alternating
between these two vital ‘restoration jobs’: working on the brain and working on the body.
43. The two different types of sleep are characterized by
different _______.

In studying the phenomenon usually referred to as sleep, we are actually dealing with more than one phenomenon.
In point of fact, we spend the night alternating between two different types of sleep, each with different brain mechanism
and different purposes.

As a person falls asleep, his brain waves develop a slower and less regular pattern than in a waking state. This is
called orthodox sleep. In this state the brain is apparently resting. Its blood supply is reduced, and its temperature falls
slightly. Breathing and heart rate are regular. The muscles remain slightly tensed. After about an hour in this state,
however, the brain waves begin to show a more active pattern again, even though the person is apparently asleep very
deeply. This is called paradoxical sleep because it has much in common with being awake.

Paradoxical (active) sleep is marked by irregular breathing and heart rate, increased blood supply to the brain, and
increased brain temperature. Most of the muscles are relaxed. There are various jerky movements of the body and face,
including short burst of rapid eye movement, which indicate that we are dreaming. Thus, we spend the night alternating
between these two vital ‘restoration jobs’: working on the brain and working on the body.
44. It seems that our brain gets some rest _______.

In studying the phenomenon usually referred to as sleep, we are actually dealing with more than one phenomenon.
In point of fact, we spend the night alternating between two different types of sleep, each with different brain mechanism
and different purposes.

As a person falls asleep, his brain waves develop a slower and less regular pattern than in a waking state. This is
called orthodox sleep. In this state the brain is apparently resting. Its blood supply is reduced, and its temperature falls
slightly. Breathing and heart rate are regular. The muscles remain slightly tensed. After about an hour in this state,
however, the brain waves begin to show a more active pattern again, even though the person is apparently asleep very
deeply. This is called paradoxical sleep because it has much in common with being awake.

Paradoxical (active) sleep is marked by irregular breathing and heart rate, increased blood supply to the brain, and
increased brain temperature. Most of the muscles are relaxed. There are various jerky movements of the body and face,
including short burst of rapid eye movement, which indicate that we are dreaming. Thus, we spend the night alternating
between these two vital ‘restoration jobs’: working on the brain and working on the body.
45. The second stage of sleep is called paradoxical sleep
because _______.

In studying the phenomenon usually referred to as sleep, we are actually dealing with more than one phenomenon.
In point of fact, we spend the night alternating between two different types of sleep, each with different brain mechanism
and different purposes.

As a person falls asleep, his brain waves develop a slower and less regular pattern than in a waking state. This is
called orthodox sleep. In this state the brain is apparently resting. Its blood supply is reduced, and its temperature falls
slightly. Breathing and heart rate are regular. The muscles remain slightly tensed. After about an hour in this state,
however, the brain waves begin to show a more active pattern again, even though the person is apparently asleep very
deeply. This is called paradoxical sleep because it has much in common with being awake.

Paradoxical (active) sleep is marked by irregular breathing and heart rate, increased blood supply to the brain, and
increased brain temperature. Most of the muscles are relaxed. There are various jerky movements of the body and face,
including short burst of rapid eye movement, which indicate that we are dreaming. Thus, we spend the night alternating
between these two vital ‘restoration jobs’: working on the brain and working on the body.
46. Orthodox sleep is characterized by all of the
following, EXCEPT _______.

In studying the phenomenon usually referred to as sleep, we are actually dealing with more than one phenomenon.
In point of fact, we spend the night alternating between two different types of sleep, each with different brain mechanism
and different purposes.

As a person falls asleep, his brain waves develop a slower and less regular pattern than in a waking state. This is
called orthodox sleep. In this state the brain is apparently resting. Its blood supply is reduced, and its temperature falls
slightly. Breathing and heart rate are regular. The muscles remain slightly tensed. After about an hour in this state,
however, the brain waves begin to show a more active pattern again, even though the person is apparently asleep very
deeply. This is called paradoxical sleep because it has much in common with being awake.

Paradoxical (active) sleep is marked by irregular breathing and heart rate, increased blood supply to the brain, and
increased brain temperature. Most of the muscles are relaxed. There are various jerky movements of the body and face,
including short burst of rapid eye movement, which indicate that we are dreaming. Thus, we spend the night alternating
between these two vital ‘restoration jobs’: working on the brain and working on the body.
47. From the text we may conclude that while we are
sleeping _______.

Text III
Rainforests circle the globe for twenty degrees of
latitude on both sides of the equator. In that ___(48)___
narrow band of the planet, more than half of all the
species of plants and animals in the world make their
home. Several hundred different ___(49)___ of trees may
grow in a single acre, ___(50)___ just one of those trees
may be the habitat for more than ten thousand kinds of
spiders, ants, and other insects. Unfortunately, half of
the world’s rainforests have already been destroyed, and
at the current rate, another 25 percent will be lost by the
next year. Every sixty seconds, one hundred acres of
rainforest is being cleared. By the time you finish
reading this passage, two hundred acres will be
destroyed. When this happens, constant rains erode the
former forest floor and the ecology of the region is
altered forever. Thousands of spices of plants and
animals are ___(51)___ to extinction and, since we are
not able to ___(52)___ ramifications of this to a delicate
global ecology, we do not know what we may be doing
to the future of the human species as well.
48.

Text III
Rainforests circle the globe for twenty degrees of
latitude on both sides of the equator. In that ___(48)___
narrow band of the planet, more than half of all the
species of plants and animals in the world make their
home. Several hundred different ___(49)___ of trees may
grow in a single acre, ___(50)___ just one of those trees
may be the habitat for more than ten thousand kinds of
spiders, ants, and other insects. Unfortunately, half of
the world’s rainforests have already been destroyed, and
at the current rate, another 25 percent will be lost by the
next year. Every sixty seconds, one hundred acres of
rainforest is being cleared. By the time you finish
reading this passage, two hundred acres will be
destroyed. When this happens, constant rains erode the
former forest floor and the ecology of the region is
altered forever. Thousands of spices of plants and
animals are ___(51)___ to extinction and, since we are
not able to ___(52)___ ramifications of this to a delicate
global ecology, we do not know what we may be doing
to the future of the human species as well.
49.

Text III
Rainforests circle the globe for twenty degrees of
latitude on both sides of the equator. In that ___(48)___
narrow band of the planet, more than half of all the
species of plants and animals in the world make their
home. Several hundred different ___(49)___ of trees may
grow in a single acre, ___(50)___ just one of those trees
may be the habitat for more than ten thousand kinds of
spiders, ants, and other insects. Unfortunately, half of
the world’s rainforests have already been destroyed, and
at the current rate, another 25 percent will be lost by the
next year. Every sixty seconds, one hundred acres of
rainforest is being cleared. By the time you finish
reading this passage, two hundred acres will be
destroyed. When this happens, constant rains erode the
former forest floor and the ecology of the region is
altered forever. Thousands of spices of plants and
animals are ___(51)___ to extinction and, since we are
not able to ___(52)___ ramifications of this to a delicate
global ecology, we do not know what we may be doing
to the future of the human species as well.
50.

Text III
Rainforests circle the globe for twenty degrees of
latitude on both sides of the equator. In that ___(48)___
narrow band of the planet, more than half of all the
species of plants and animals in the world make their
home. Several hundred different ___(49)___ of trees may
grow in a single acre, ___(50)___ just one of those trees
may be the habitat for more than ten thousand kinds of
spiders, ants, and other insects. Unfortunately, half of
the world’s rainforests have already been destroyed, and
at the current rate, another 25 percent will be lost by the
next year. Every sixty seconds, one hundred acres of
rainforest is being cleared. By the time you finish
reading this passage, two hundred acres will be
destroyed. When this happens, constant rains erode the
former forest floor and the ecology of the region is
altered forever. Thousands of spices of plants and
animals are ___(51)___ to extinction and, since we are
not able to ___(52)___ ramifications of this to a delicate
global ecology, we do not know what we may be doing
to the future of the human species as well.
51.

Text III
Rainforests circle the globe for twenty degrees of
latitude on both sides of the equator. In that ___(48)___
narrow band of the planet, more than half of all the
species of plants and animals in the world make their
home. Several hundred different ___(49)___ of trees may
grow in a single acre, ___(50)___ just one of those trees
may be the habitat for more than ten thousand kinds of
spiders, ants, and other insects. Unfortunately, half of
the world’s rainforests have already been destroyed, and
at the current rate, another 25 percent will be lost by the
next year. Every sixty seconds, one hundred acres of
rainforest is being cleared. By the time you finish
reading this passage, two hundred acres will be
destroyed. When this happens, constant rains erode the
former forest floor and the ecology of the region is
altered forever. Thousands of spices of plants and
animals are ___(51)___ to extinction and, since we are
not able to ___(52)___ ramifications of this to a delicate
global ecology, we do not know what we may be doing
to the future of the human species as well.
52.

53. Erika _______ on her report for three days in a row
without much sleep. That’s why she looks so tired.

54. My daughter is interested in meeting famous people
and _______ articles on them.

55. ‘May I borrow your calculator, please?’
‘Sorry, I can’t find it in my bag. I _______ at home.’

56. ‘You look troubled. What’s the matter?’
‘The academic counselor _______ told me that unless
I get at least B- for applied science, I won’t be able to
graduate this year.’

57. If his father were not the president of this company,
he would not be working here because _______.

58. Encouraged by the good result of the math test,
_______.

59. _______, the training program was able to achieve its
goal.

60. Submitting his loan application form just three
weeks before the bank was liquidated, Mr. Priyanto
had to cancel his plan to buy modern machinery.
This means that _______.

1. LEBAT : … =  … : LAUT

2. PENYUNTINGAN : … = … :
PEMILIHAN

3. KERAS : … =  … : SUTRA

4. FIKSI : … =  … : AKAR

5. BULAN : … = … : MOBIL

6. MARAH : … = … :
MENANGIS

7. BUAS : … =  … : KOBRA

8. JALAN RAYA : … = … :
GULING

9. KERING : … = … : UDARA

10. OVEN : … = … : BATERAI

11. GAMBUT : … = … :
TRANSPORTASI

12. BULAN : … = … : SIANG

13. BUNGA : … = … : KOTOR

14. CEPAT : … … :
MENGKILAP

15. RUMAH : … = … :
PENGANGGURAN

16. AIR : … = … : HAMPA

17. OVEN : … = … : FOTO

18. MURKA : … = … :
BENTURAN

19. BUAS : … = … : JET
TEMPUR

20. HIJAU : … … : LAUT

21. KEHIDUPAN : …
KEHAMILAN : …

22. JENDELA : … TITIK : …

23. BUKU: … GAWANG : …

24. HAMBAR : … LEMAS : …

25. SENJATA : …. CANGKUL
: …

SINONIM
61. NOTASI

SINONIM
62. PUKAT

SINONIM
63. SITASI

SINONIM
64. DESPOT

SINONIM
65. TABIAT

SINONIM
66. GELINTIR

SINONIM
67. SEMARAK

ANTONIM
68. INISIATOR

ANTONIM
69. RENGGANG

ANTONIM
70. UNGGUL

ANTONIM
71. MASYGUL

ANTONIM
72. RESESIF

ANTONIM
73. PEMIMPIN

ANTONIM
74. NATURAL

75. SUARA : desibel :: CAHAYA :

76. TEBAL : tipis :: SINTAL :

77. WARTAWAN : berita :: PENYANYI :

78. TEMBIKAR : tanah liat :: TIKAR :

79. DIARE : lalat :: CIKUNGUNYA :

80. HELM : kepala :: TEROMPAH :

82.  1/25  =  ⋯%

83.   5×8+6×5÷5+6×4=

84.  60 × 5 ÷ 2 + 10 ÷ 2=

85. Abu membayar pajak penghasilan sebesar 10%
perbulan dari gaji yang diterima. Dalam satu
tahun, Abu membayarkan pajak penghasilan
sebesar dua juta empat ratus rupiah. Berapakah
gaji Abut tiap bulannya?

86. Sepertiga dari bilangan x adalah bilangan y,
maka

87. Apabila x adalah bilangan bulat dan diketahui 7> x > 1, sedangkan y = x^2 – x, maka

88. Bila x = 1/25 dan y = 25%, maka

92. Perbandingan sudut-sudut suatu segitiga DEF
adalah 1 : 2 : 3. Manakah di antara pernyataan
berikut ini yang paling tepat?

93. Sebuah kubus memiliki volume sebesar 1000
cm3. Berapa cm2 luas seluruh sisi kubus
tersebut?

94. Tanah berbentuk empat persegi panjang
dengan panjang 75m dan lebar 15m akan dibagi
sama di antara 3 bersaudara. Berapa meter
persegikah masing-masing bagian anak yang
ada?

95. Ibu membuat minuman sebanyak 5 liter. Ia
mempunyai 5 buah tempat minuman yang
berbeda ukurannya. Tempat minuman yang
mana yang dapat digunakan untuk menyimpan
minuman tersebut?

96) 3   4   5   9   16   25   27   64   …

97) 61   50   40   31   23   16   10   …

98)   4   16   36   64   100   …

99) 16   121   25   100   36   81   …

100) 1   121   4   100   9   81 …

101. Semua karyawan mendapat fasilitas jaminan
kesehatan
Karyawan senior mendapat fasilitas rumah
tinggal

102. Semua siswa harus mengikuti ujian akhir
Sementara siswa mengikuti les mata pelajaran

103. Semua mahasiswa harus bersepatu
Sementara mahasiswa mengenakan kemeja

104. Semua orang membutuhkan udara
Sebagian orang mendapatkan udara yang tidak
bersih

105. Semua tamu undangan diberi snack
Sebagian tamu undangan membawa air mineral

106. Semua pelajar memakai sepatu hitam
Sebagian pelajar memakai kaos dan topi

115. Dalam satu keluarga, semua anak menyukai
olahraga. Anastasia menyukai olahraga futsal
dan tidak menyukai atletik, Doni menyukai
olahraga bola basket dan futsal. Hamidah
menyukai olahraga tanpa bola. Ardi menyukai
olahraga atletik dan basket. Sedangkan Gino
menyukai olahraga dengan bola.
Mereka yang menyukai olahraga futsal adalah

116. Perjalanan ke kota A lebih lama daripada ke kota
B. Perjalanan ke kota D membutuhkan waktu
yang sedikit lebih lama daripada perjalanan ke
kota C. Perjalanan ke kota D tidaklah lebih lama
daripada perjalanan ke kota A, namun lebih
lama daripada perjalanan ke kota B, manakah
urutan waktu perjalanan dari paling singkat ke
paling lama yang paling mungkin?

117. Jarak dari kota A ke kota B adalah 20km. Jarak
dari kota A ke kota C adalah 100km. Pernyataan
yang benar adalah

118. Nilai UAN Ana lebih tinggi dari Budi dan lebih
rendah dari nilai Cici. Nilai UAN Deni lebih
rendah dari nilai Ana, tetapi lebih tinggi dari Budi.
Sementara itu Eva lebih tinggi dibandingkan
Budi dan Deni. Di antara siswa tersebut,
siapakah yang menempati ranking terendah?

119. Harga motor A lebih mahal daripada motor B dan
lebih murah dari motor C. Motor C lebih mahal
daripada E. Motor D sama harganya dengan A
dan lebih mahal daripada B. Motor manakah
yang paling mahal?

120. Jadwal pembelajaran di sebuah program
pengayaan belajar selama liburan dua minggu
adalah
Matematika : 08.00-10.00 Senin, Selasa
10.00-12.00 Kamis, Sabtu
Fisika : 10.00-12.00 Senin, Rabu, Jumat
Kimia : 08.00-10.00 Sabtu
12.00-14.00 Senin, Rabu, Jumat
Biologi : 08.00-10.00 Sabtu
10.00-12.00 Selasa, Kamis
Secara berurutan dari yang paling banyak, hari
apa saja anak menggunakan waktu untuk
belajar di program pengayaan tersebut?

21. Penggunaan ejaan pada kalimat berikut salah,
KECUALI …

22. Secara sosial bahasa mempunyai makna yang dapat
menimbulkan berbagai penafsiran. Membelokkan
makna simbolis ke arah pengertian tertentu justru
bisa berdampak negatif yang berjangka panjang
dan turun-temurun. Pembelokan makna simbolis
dari agama, budaya, dan tradisi melalui bahasa,
misalnya, akan bisa mendatangkan malapetaka
turun-temurun yang menyandera generasi. Bisa
dibayangkan dampaknya jika penafsiran yang
salah disebarluaskan ke masyarakat.
Gagasan utama teks di atas adalah …

23. Karat sering muncul pada sepeda kesayangan kita
manakala kita kurang rajin merawatnya. Terlebih
pada bagian pelek yang berlapis krom. Alhasil,
penampilan sepeda jadi kurang sip. Bila sudah
melekat di sepeda kita, karat akan sulit
dihilangkan. Jika terus menyikat atau
mengampelasnya, lapisan asli besi bisa rusak.
Tanpa sengaja saya memperoleh kiat mengusir
karat tanpa merusak lapisan besinya asalkan
lapisan asli besi belum mengelupas. Jadi, ketika
karat sepeda masih tipis dan baru, langsung
gunakan kiat ini. Jangan karena malas, sepeda
disimpan di gudang. Karat justru akan senang.
Pesan yang ingin disampaikan melalui tulisan di
atas adalah …

24. Para maniak sepak bola dibuat lupa daratan oleh
permainan bola ajaib yang telah menjadi salah satu
ikon terbesar budaya olahraga tontonan manusia
abad XX−XXI.
Makna ungkapan lupa daratan dalam kalimat di
atas adalah …

25. Cady dan para koleganya meneliti 6.997 pasien
kanker payudara. Sebagian dari mereka rutin
menjalani mamografi pada periode 1990−1999 dan
sebagian lainnya tidak. Perkembangan para pasien
tersebut lalu dicatat hingga tahun 2007. Setelah
sekitar 12,5 tahun periode follow-up, 461 dari
mereka meninggal karena kanker payudara dan
hampir 75% dari mereka tidak menjalani
pemeriksaan mamografi secara teratur.
Simpulan yang dapat diambil dari paragraf di atas
adalah …

26. Banyak orang yang berniat menambah asupan
sayurnya dengan menyantap salad. Namun, jangan
percaya bahwa semua salad itu menyehatkan. Ada
banyak jenis lemak yang dikandung oleh berbagai
sajian salad. Anda harus tahu mana yang memberi
manfaat gizi bagi Anda dan mana yang tidak.
Tukar beberapa sayuran yang disajikan dengan
jenis sayur yang lebih sehat.
Maksud kutipan di atas terdapat pada kalimat
berikut, KECUALI …

27. Penulisan gabungan kata dalam kalimat berikut
benar, KECUALI …

28. Kalimat yang tidak efektif adalah …

29. Cara penulisan kata berikut sesuai dengan EYD,
KECUALI …

30. (1) Pembayaran dengan kartu kredit sangat praktis.
(2) Kartu kredit mempunyai kelebihan
dibandingkan dengan uang tunai. (3) Kartu kredit
lebih praktis daripada uang tunai karena dapat
dibawa ke mana-mana, sedangkan uang tunai
dalam jumlah yang besar sulit atau tidak dapat
dibawa ke mana-mana. (4) Kartu kredit juga dapat
digunakan untuk pembayaran jarak jauh,
sedangkan uang tunai sulit atau tidak dapat
digunakan untuk pembayaran jarak jauh. (5) Oleh
karena itu, kita perlu memiliki kartu kredit.
Kalimat yang mengganggu kepaduan paragraf di
atas adalah …

31. Kata berimbuhan yang dipakai pada konteks yang
tidak tepat ditemukan dalam kalimat …

32. Pada saat ini masyarakat semakin dipermudah
untuk memiliki kendaraan pribadi. Adanya
kemudahan ini tidak lepas dari persaingan di
antara perusahaan pembayaran yang sering
mengadakan perang harga.
Ide kedua kalimat di atas dapat digabung menjadi
satu. Kalimat yang paling tepat sebagai
penggabungan ide kedua kalimat itu adalah …

33. Banyak perempuan menguatkan diri, lalu
meninggalkan keluarga dan kampung halaman
untuk bekerja ke luar negeri dengan tawaran gaji
yang lumayan besar bagi mereka yang
berpendidikan rendah.
Kalimat di atas kurang padu karena penggunaan
kata tugas yang tidak tepat. Kata tugas yang tidak
tepat dalam kalimat di atas adalah …

34. Usaha pembangunan berencana yang pada
umumnya dilakukan oleh hampir semua negara
yang sedang berkembang itu memang bertujuan
untuk meningkatkan kemakmuran serta mengejar
kemajuan teknologi dan ilmu pengetahuan.
Gagasan utama kalimat di atas adalah …

35. Kalimat-kalimat berikut tidak efektif, KECUALI …

36. Bayi yang dilahirkan tidak dengan berat badan
rendah pada umumnya mempunyai status gizi saat
lahir yang kurang lebih sama dengan status gizi
bayi di Amerika. Akan tetapi, seiring dengan
bertambahnya umur ditambah faktor-faktor
lainnya, sebagian besar bayi tersebut terus
mengalami penurunan status gizi. Puncak
penurunan terjadi pada umur kurang lebih 18−24
bulan. Pada kelompok umur inilah prevalensi
balita kurus (wasting) dan balita pendek (stunting)
mencapai titik tertinggi (Hadi, 2001). Setelah
melewati umur 24 bulan, status gizi balita
umumnya mengalami perbaikan meskipun tidak
sempurna.
Topik yang dibicarakan dalam bacaan tersebut
adalah …

37. Formosa adalah nama lain Taiwan dalam bahasa
Portugis yang berarti ’pulau cantik’. Nama itu
disematkan bukan tanpa alasan. Kecantikan
alamnya menggaung ke berbagai penjuru dunia.
Salah satunya adalah Alishan yang membuat
seseorang berada di atas awan ketika datang ke
sana. Selain itu, ada pula Danau Sun Moon. Danau
itu merupakan danau terbesar di Taiwan.
Kalimat yang dapat melanjutkan paragraf tersebut
adalah …

38. Bagi mereka yang terjun langsung di lapangan
perlu juga diingatkan, jangan menambah
penderitaan para korban. Bantuan yang ada
hendaknya disalurkan dengan tepat sasaran.
Bantuan untuk bencana ini harus dikelola dengan
jujur dan transparan. Derita para korban jangan
ditambah lagi karena keinginan memuaskan nafsu
serakah. Melalui bencana ini, marilah kita
mengikat persaudaraan kita dengan suatu rasa
kebersamaan, kearifan, dan kecerdasan kita dalam
merajutnya. Tragedi yang terjadi di Sumatra Barat
ini adalah derita kita bersama. Derita anak bangsa.
Karena itu, segala daya, upaya, dan pengorbanan
harus dimaksimalkan demi meringankan
penderitaan para korban. Ini adalah derita kita
bersama, derita yang harus merangsang rasa
kemanusiaan kita untuk berbicara. Marilah kita
bantu dengan ikut meringankan beban mereka.
Pernyataan yang sesuai dengan isi teks di atas
adalah …

39. (1) O, ibunya sayang, setua itu ia masih rajin pergi
ke pasar seperti dulu. (2) Ia tidak berkata lagi,
melangkah meninggalkan adiknya sendirian di
dapur. (3) Tanah masih basah bekas hujan
semalam, namun cuaca bersih sekali, langit biru
merata dan puncak Gunung Kelud jauh di timur
tersaput merah. (4) Pelan sekali seperti merayapi
puncaknya, matahari naik juga akhirnya. (5) Hari
masih pagi. (6) Burung jalak berlompatan di tanah
samping perigi, kutilang ramai beterbangan dari
dahan ke dahan. (7) Kandang sapi … (Dikutip dari
novel Pulang karya Toha Mohtar. Jakarta: Pustaka
Jaya, 1994 [cet. ke-5], hlm. 22).
Makna kata tersaput merah pada kalimat (3) dalam
teks di atas adalah …

40. “Peta bahasa ini yang merupakan peta yang
menunjukkan data inventarisasi bahasa daerah di
Indonesia serta wilayah persebarannya,” kata Kepala
Pusat Bahasa Depdiknas di sela-sela gladi bersih
pameran pendidikan di Sasana Budaya Ganesha Institut
Teknologi Bandung.
Kalimat tersebut tidak efektif. Kalimat tersebut
dapat menjadi efektif jika diperbaiki dengan cara …